Amadi Peter Uchenna, Agomuo Emmanuel Nnabugwu, Ukaga Chinyere Nneka, Njoku Uche Chinedu, Amadi Joy Adaku, Nwaekpe Chinweuba Godswill
Department of Biochemistry, Imo State University, Owerri 460102, Nigeria.
Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Imo State University, Owerri 460102, Nigeria.
Medicines (Basel). 2021 Dec 17;8(12):79. doi: 10.3390/medicines8120079.
Most pregnant women living in high malaria endemic regions of Nigeria use herbal remedies for the management of malaria-in-pregnancy, rather than the commonly prescribed drugs. Remedies common to this area involve a suspension of (AI) leaves and in some cases, a suspension containing a mixture of AI and (PS). This study examined the therapeutic efficacies of AI, PS, or a combination of AI and PS in a pregnant rat model for exoerythrocytic stages of parasite. A predetermined sample size of 30 dams was used (for a power level and confidence interval of 95%), and divided equally into six groups made up of non-malarous dams, untreated malarous dams, and malarous dams either treated exclusively with 1 mL of 3000 mg/kg b.w AI, 1000 mg/kg b.w PS, AI + PS (50% /), or 25 mg/kg b.w CQ. No maternal mortality was recorded. AI significantly improved maternal weight gain from 32.4 to 82.2 g and placental weight from 0.44 to 0.53 g. In the curative test, AI and AI + PS significantly reduced the average percentage parasitemia (APP) in the pregnant rats from >80% to <20%. No significant difference in the APP was found between the pregnant rats treated with any of CQ or AI during the suppressive test. Results for the prophylactic test of the study groups showed that the APP was significantly reduced from 24.69% to 3.90% when treated with AI and 3.67% when combined with PS. AI + PS reduced diastolic blood pressure from 89.0 to 81.0 mm/Hg and compared with that of the non malarous dams. AI or AI + PS significantly increased the platelet counts (10 µL) from 214.1 to 364.5 and 351.2, respectively. AI and AI + PS improved birth weight from 2.5 to 3.9 g and crown rump length from 2.6 to 4.1 cm. For biomarkers of preeclampsia, combining AI and PS led to the reversal of the altered levels of creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, cardiac troponin, soluble Fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1, and placental growth factor. This study validates the use of for the treatment of gestational malaria due to its antiplasmodial and related therapeutic effects and in combination with pear seeds for the management of malaria-in-pregnancy-induced preeclampsia.
大多数生活在尼日利亚疟疾高流行地区的孕妇使用草药疗法来治疗妊娠疟疾，而非常用的处方药。该地区常见的疗法包括（AI）叶的悬液，在某些情况下，还包括含有AI和（PS）混合物的悬液。本研究在孕鼠模型中检测了AI、PS或AI与PS组合对疟原虫红细胞外期的治疗效果。使用了预先确定的30只母鼠样本量（功率水平和置信区间为95%），并将其平均分为六组，包括非疟疾母鼠、未治疗的疟疾母鼠，以及分别用1 mL 3000 mg/kg体重的AI、1000 mg/kg体重的PS、AI + PS（50% /）或25 mg/kg体重的氯喹单独治疗的疟疾母鼠。未记录到母鼠死亡。AI显著改善了母鼠体重增加，从32.4 g增至82.2 g，胎盘重量从0.44 g增至0.53 g。在治疗试验中，AI和AI + PS显著降低了孕鼠的平均寄生虫血症百分比（APP），从>80%降至<20%。在抑制试验中，用氯喹或AI治疗的孕鼠之间的APP没有显著差异。研究组预防试验的结果表明，用AI治疗时APP从24.69%显著降至3.90%，与PS联合使用时降至3.67%。AI + PS使舒张压从89.0降至81.0 mmHg，并与非疟疾母鼠的舒张压进行了比较。AI或AI + PS显著增加了血小板计数（10⁶/µL），分别从214.1增至364.5和351.2。AI和AI + PS使出生体重从2.5 g增至3.9 g，顶臀长度从2.6 cm增至4.1 cm。对于先兆子痫的生物标志物，AI和PS联合使用导致肌酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶、心肌肌钙蛋白、可溶性Fms样酪氨酸激酶-1和胎盘生长因子水平的改变得到逆转。本研究验证了由于其抗疟原虫及相关治疗效果，AI可用于治疗妊娠期疟疾，并与梨籽联合用于治疗妊娠疟疾引起的先兆子痫。
