Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado at Boulder, 1480 30th Street, Boulder, CO 80309-0447, USA.
Behav Genet. 2011 Mar;41(2):201-10. doi: 10.1007/s10519-010-9388-3. Epub 2010 Aug 15.
Studies have demonstrated little to no heritability for adolescent religiosity but moderate genetic, shared environmental, and nonshared environmental influences on adult religiosity. Only one longitudinal study of religiosity in female twins has been conducted (Koenig et al., Dev Psychol 44:532-543, 2008), and reported that persistence from mid to late adolescence is due to shared environmental factors, but persistence from late adolescence to early adulthood was due to genetic and shared environmental factors. We examined the etiology of stability and change in religious values and religious attendance in males and females during adolescence and early adulthood. The heritability of both religious values and religious attendance increased from adolescence to early adulthood, although the increase was greater for religious attendance. Both genetic and shared environmental influences contributed to the stability of religious values and religious attendance across adolescence and young adulthood. Change in religious values was due to both genetic and nonshared environmental influences specific to early adulthood, whereas change in religious attendance was due in similar proportions to genetic, shared environmental, and non-shared environmental influences.
研究表明，青少年的宗教信仰几乎没有遗传性，但成年后的宗教信仰受到中等程度的遗传、共同环境和非共享环境的影响。仅有一项关于女性双胞胎宗教信仰的纵向研究（Koenig 等人，Dev Psychol 44:532-543, 2008），该研究报告称，从中期到后期青春期的坚持归因于共同环境因素，但从后期青春期到成年早期的坚持归因于遗传和共同环境因素。我们研究了男性和女性在青春期和成年早期宗教价值观和宗教参与的稳定性和变化的病因。宗教价值观和宗教参与的遗传率都从青春期增加到成年早期，尽管宗教参与的增加幅度更大。遗传和共同环境因素都有助于宗教价值观和宗教参与在青春期和成年早期的稳定性。宗教价值观的变化归因于成年早期特定的遗传和非共享环境影响，而宗教参与的变化则归因于遗传、共同环境和非共享环境影响的相似比例。
