Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
Reproduction. 2010 Nov;140(5):633-41. doi: 10.1530/REP-09-0567. Epub 2010 Aug 17.
Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a common cause of infertility in women, and is characterised by amenorrhoea, hypo-oestrogenism and elevated gonadotrophin levels in women under the age of 40. Known causes include iatrogenic agents that cause permanent damage to the ovaries, such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery, autoimmune conditions, X-chromosome abnormalities and autosomal genetic conditions. However, few genes have been identified that can explain a substantial proportion of cases of POF. Most women with POF are deeply upset by the diagnosis, partly due to the unexpected menopausal symptoms, but also due to infertility. Therefore, early detection would provide better opportunity for early intervention, and furthermore, the identification of specific gene defects will help to direct potential targets for future treatment.
卵巢早衰（POF）是女性不孕的常见原因，其特征是 40 岁以下女性闭经、雌激素水平降低和促性腺激素水平升高。已知的病因包括可导致卵巢永久损伤的医源性药物，如化疗、放疗和手术、自身免疫性疾病、X 染色体异常和常染色体遗传疾病。然而，只有少数基因已被确定可以解释 POF 病例的很大一部分。大多数患有 POF 的女性对这一诊断深感不安，部分原因是意料之外的更年期症状，但也因为不孕。因此，早期发现将为早期干预提供更好的机会，此外，特定基因缺陷的识别将有助于为未来的治疗指明潜在的目标。
