Research Institute of Child Nutrition (FKE) Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010 Nov;64(11):1365-70. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2010.160. Epub 2010 Aug 18.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Recently, urinary fructose and sucrose excretion in 24-h urine have been established experimentally as new biomarkers for dietary sugar intake in adults. Our objective was to investigate 1) whether the fructose biomarker is also applicable in free-living children and 2) for what kind of sugar it is standing for.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Intakes of added and total sugar (including additional sugar from fruit and fruit juices) were assessed by 3-day weighed dietary records in 114 healthy prepubertal children; corresponding 24-h urinary fructose excretion was measured photometrically. The associations between dietary sugar intakes and urinary fructose excretion were examined using linear regression models. To determine whether one of the two sugar variables may be better associated with the urinary biomarker, the statistical Pitman's test was used.
Added and total sugar correlated significantly with urinary fructose, but the linear regression indicated a weak association between intake of added sugar and urinary log-fructose excretion (β=0.0026, R(2)=0.055, P=0.01). The association between total sugar intake and log-urinary fructose (β=0.0040, R(2)=0.181, P<0.001) showed a significantly better fit (P<0.05).
Urinary fructose excretion seems to be rather applicable for the estimation of total sugar intake than for the estimation of added dietary sugar intake in children. However, as excreted fructose stems almost exclusively from the diet (both from food-intrinsic and added intakes), it can be assumed that urinary fructose represents a potential biomarker for total dietary fructose intake, irrespective of its source.
背景/目的：最近，通过实验确定 24 小时尿液中的果糖和蔗糖排泄量可作为成人饮食糖摄入量的新生物标志物。我们的目的是调查 1）该果糖生物标志物是否同样适用于自由生活的儿童，以及 2）它代表哪种糖。
受试者/方法：通过 3 天称重饮食记录，在 114 名健康青春期前儿童中评估添加糖和总糖（包括水果和果汁中的额外糖）的摄入量；通过比色法测量相应的 24 小时尿液果糖排泄量。使用线性回归模型检查饮食糖摄入量与尿果糖排泄量之间的关系。为了确定这两个糖变量中的一个可能与尿生物标志物更好地相关，使用了统计 Pitman 检验。
添加糖和总糖与尿果糖显著相关，但线性回归表明添加糖摄入量与尿中果糖的对数排泄量之间的相关性较弱（β=0.0026，R²=0.055，P=0.01）。总糖摄入量与尿中果糖的对数（β=0.0040，R²=0.181，P<0.001）之间的关系拟合得更好（P<0.05）。
尿果糖排泄似乎更适用于估计儿童的总糖摄入量，而不是估计添加膳食糖的摄入量。然而，由于排泄的果糖几乎完全来自饮食（包括食物固有和添加的摄入量），因此可以假设尿果糖是总膳食果糖摄入量的潜在生物标志物，而与其来源无关。
