Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR "G. Salvatore", Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Trends Biotechnol. 2010 Oct;28(10):517-25. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2010.07.005. Epub 2010 Aug 17.
Aptamers are short, structured, single-stranded RNA or DNA ligands that bind with high affinity to their target molecules, which range from small chemicals to large cell-surface and transmembrane proteins. Aptamers are now emerging as promising molecules to target specific cancer epitopes in clinical diagnosis and therapy. Furthermore, because of their high specificity and low toxicity, aptamers might be considered as the compounds-of-choice for in vivo cell recognition. Specific cancer cell recognition could be capitalized upon for delivering therapeutic nanoparticles, small interfering RNA bioconjugates, chemotherapeutic cargos or molecular imaging probes. In this article, we review recent advances in the use of aptamers for in vivo cancer cell recognition, with a particular focus on novel applications of aptamers for targeting the cell surface.
适体是短的、结构的、单链 RNA 或 DNA 配体，与它们的靶分子具有高亲和力结合，靶分子范围从小分子化学物质到大型细胞表面和跨膜蛋白。适体现在作为有前途的分子出现在临床诊断和治疗中，以针对特定的癌症表位。此外，由于其高特异性和低毒性，适体可以被认为是用于体内细胞识别的首选化合物。特异性癌细胞识别可以用于递送治疗性纳米颗粒、小干扰 RNA 生物缀合物、化学治疗剂有效负载或分子成像探针。在本文中，我们综述了适体在体内癌细胞识别中的最新进展，特别关注适体在靶向细胞表面方面的新应用。
