Respiratory Medicine, West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2011 Jan-Feb;31(1):11-24. doi: 10.1097/HCR.0b013e3181ebf302.
Reduced maximal, peripheral muscle strength is associated with exercise intolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Therefore, it is important to accurately evaluate muscle strength to identify patients with muscle weakness and to prescribe adequate loads for resistance training. The objective here was to systematically identify and summarize the literature on measurement of peripheral muscle strength in individuals with COPD and to make recommendations for strength testing in clinical and research settings.
A literature search was conducted of electronic databases between 1999 and 2009 of all English language articles utilizing muscle strength measurements.
The search resulted in retrieval of 178 articles, of which 66 were reviewed. Isometric muscle strength was measured using handgrip (n = 30), strain gauge (n = 15), computerized dynamometer (n = 13), magnetic stimulation (n = 8), handheld dynamometer (n = 6), or manual testing (n = 3). Isotonic muscle strength was measured using a hydraulic system (n = 3) or 1-repetition maximum (n = 9), and isokinetic muscle strength was measured using computerized dynamometer (n = 16). Methodological issues such as limb position, number of trials, subject familiarization, test instructions, rest periods, and muscle group tested were all identified as important variables to consider when developing a strength-testing protocol.
Muscle strength has been measured in people with COPD using similar methods as in other clinical populations. Each method presents advantages and disadvantages that need to be considered when selecting the most relevant measure. Standardization of the test procedures is essential in both clinical and research settings to obtain valid and reliable measurements of muscle strength.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者的最大外周肌肉力量降低与运动不耐受有关。因此，准确评估肌肉力量对于识别肌肉无力的患者并为抗阻训练规定适当的负荷非常重要。本研究旨在系统地识别和总结 COPD 患者外周肌肉力量测量的文献，并为临床和研究环境中的力量测试提供建议。
对 1999 年至 2009 年间所有使用肌肉力量测量的英文文献进行了电子数据库的文献检索。
检索到 178 篇文章，其中 66 篇进行了综述。等长肌肉力量使用握力计（n = 30）、应变计（n = 15）、计算机测力计（n = 13）、磁刺激（n = 8）、手持测力计（n = 6）或手动测试（n = 3）进行测量。等速肌肉力量使用液压系统（n = 3）或 1 次重复最大力量（n = 9）进行测量，等张肌肉力量使用计算机测力计（n = 16）进行测量。肢体位置、试验次数、受试者适应、测试说明、休息时间和测试肌肉群等方法学问题均被认为是制定力量测试方案时需要考虑的重要变量。
COPD 患者的肌肉力量已使用与其他临床人群相似的方法进行了测量。每种方法都有其优缺点，在选择最相关的测量方法时需要考虑这些因素。为了在临床和研究环境中获得肌肉力量的有效和可靠测量，测试程序的标准化是必不可少的。
