Hostetler Sarah Grim, Kaffenberger Benjamin, Hostetler Todd, Zirwas Matthew J
J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2010 Jan;3(1):22-31.
Atopic dermatitis is a common, chronic skin condition. A subpopulation of patients may have cutaneous exposure to common airborne proteins exacerbating their disease through direct proteolytic activity, direct activation of proteinase-activated receptor-2 itch receptors, and immunoglobulin E binding. The most common airborne proteins significant in atopic dermatitis include house dust mites, cockroach, pet dander, and multiple pollens. The literature on atopy patch testing, skin-prick testing, and specific IgE is mixed, with greater support for the use of atopy patch test. Patients with airborne proteins contributing to their disease typically have lesions predominately on air-exposed skin surfaces including the face, neck, and arms; a history of exacerbations after exposure to airborne proteins; severe disease resistant to conventional therapies; and concurrent asthma. Treatment strategies include airborne protein avoidance, removal of airborne proteins from the skin, and barrier repair. Further research is needed to establish the benefit of allergen-specific immunotherapy.
特应性皮炎是一种常见的慢性皮肤病。一部分患者可能通过直接的蛋白水解活性、蛋白酶激活受体-2瘙痒受体的直接激活以及免疫球蛋白E结合，使皮肤暴露于常见的空气传播蛋白而加重病情。在特应性皮炎中起重要作用的最常见空气传播蛋白包括屋尘螨、蟑螂、宠物皮屑和多种花粉。关于特应性斑贴试验、皮肤点刺试验和特异性IgE的文献参差不齐，对使用特应性斑贴试验的支持更多。空气传播蛋白导致疾病的患者通常在暴露于空气的皮肤表面（包括面部、颈部和手臂）有主要病变；暴露于空气传播蛋白后有病情加重史；对传统疗法耐药的严重疾病；以及并发哮喘。治疗策略包括避免空气传播蛋白、从皮肤上去除空气传播蛋白以及屏障修复。需要进一步研究以确定变应原特异性免疫疗法的益处。
