Surjana Devita, Halliday Gary M, Damian Diona L
Discipline of Dermatology, Sydney Cancer Centre, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
J Nucleic Acids. 2010 Jul 25;2010:157591. doi: 10.4061/2010/157591.
Nicotinamide is a water-soluble amide form of niacin (nicotinic acid or vitamin B3). Both niacin and nicotinamide are widely available in plant and animal foods, and niacin can also be endogenously synthesized in the liver from dietary tryptophan. Nicotinamide is also commercially available in vitamin supplements and in a range of cosmetic, hair, and skin preparations. Nicotinamide is the primary precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)), an essential coenzyme in ATP production and the sole substrate of the nuclear enzyme poly-ADP-ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1). Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have clearly shown that PARP-1 and NAD(+) status influence cellular responses to genotoxicity which can lead to mutagenesis and cancer formation. This paper will examine the role of nicotinamide in the protection from carcinogenesis, DNA repair, and maintenance of genomic stability.
烟酰胺是烟酸（尼克酸或维生素B3）的水溶性酰胺形式。烟酸和烟酰胺在植物性和动物性食物中广泛存在，并且烟酸也可以在肝脏中由膳食色氨酸内源性合成。烟酰胺在维生素补充剂以及一系列化妆品、护发和皮肤制剂中也有商业销售。烟酰胺是烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD(+)）的主要前体，NAD(+)是ATP生成过程中必不可少的辅酶，也是核酶聚ADP核糖聚合酶-1（PARP-1）的唯一底物。大量的体外和体内研究清楚地表明，PARP-1和NAD(+)状态会影响细胞对基因毒性的反应，而这种反应可能导致诱变和癌症形成。本文将探讨烟酰胺在预防癌变、DNA修复和维持基因组稳定性中的作用。
