Jaskolski Mariusz
Department of Crystallography, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, and Center for Biocrystallographic Research, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
Acta Biochim Pol. 2010;57(3):261-4. Epub 2010 Aug 19.
Protein crystallography, the main experimental method of structural biology, has undergone in the recent past three revolutionary changes leading to its unexpected renaissance. They were connected with (i) the introduction of synchrotron radiation sources for X-ray diffraction experiments, (ii) implementation of Se-Met multiwavelength anomalous diffraction (MAD) for phasing, and (iii) initiation of structural genomics (SG) programs. It can be foreseen that in the next 10-15 years protein crystallography will continue to be in this revolutionary phase. We can expect not only an avalanche of protein crystal structures from SG centers, but also attacking of more demanding projects, such as the structure of membrane proteins and of very large macromolecular complexes. On the technological front, the introduction of X-ray radiation from free-electron lasers will revolutionize the experimental possibilities, making feasible even the imaging of single molecules and of intact biological cells.
蛋白质晶体学作为结构生物学的主要实验方法，近年来经历了三次革命性变革，迎来了意想不到的复兴。这三次变革分别是：（i）将同步辐射源引入X射线衍射实验；（ii）采用硒代蛋氨酸多波长反常衍射（MAD）进行相位测定；（iii）启动结构基因组学（SG）计划。可以预见，在未来10至15年内，蛋白质晶体学将继续处于这一变革阶段。我们不仅有望从SG中心获得大量蛋白质晶体结构，还能攻克更具挑战性的项目，如膜蛋白和超大分子复合物的结构。在技术方面，自由电子激光产生的X射线辐射的引入将彻底改变实验可能性，甚至使单分子和完整生物细胞的成像成为可能。
