Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Biotechnol Adv. 2010 Nov-Dec;28(6):910-8. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2010.08.006. Epub 2010 Aug 20.
Microalgae represent the 'best of both worlds', combining the high growth rate and ease of cultivation of microorganisms with the ability to perform post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications of plants. The development of economically viable microalgal expression systems is, however, hindered by low recombinant protein yields. Although there are still many obstacles to overcome before microalgae become standard expression systems, considerable progress has been made in recent years in regards to elucidating the causes for these low yields and in the development of strategies to improve them. Transgenes have successfully been expressed in both nuclear and chloroplast microalgal genomes, although at economically viable levels only in the latter. The present review describes recent progress in genetic manipulation of microalgae, outlines strategies to increase protein yields and presents some interesting avenues of research that remain to be explored.
微藻兼具微生物生长速度快、培养简单和植物具备转录后和翻译后修饰能力的优点。然而，经济可行的微藻表达系统的发展受到重组蛋白产量低的阻碍。尽管在微藻成为标准表达系统之前还有许多障碍需要克服，但近年来在阐明这些低产量的原因和开发提高产量的策略方面已经取得了相当大的进展。转基因已成功在核和叶绿体微藻基因组中表达，但仅在后一种情况下具有经济可行性。本综述描述了微藻遗传操作的最新进展，概述了提高蛋白质产量的策略，并提出了一些有待探索的有趣研究方向。
