School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia.
Accid Anal Prev. 2010 Nov;42(6):1831-8. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2010.05.004. Epub 2010 May 26.
Swimming at patrolled beaches reduces the likelihood of drownings and near-drownings. The present study tested the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), with the addition of risk perceptions, in predicting people's intentions to swim between the flags at patrolled beaches. We examined also the predictors of people's willingness to swim [1] up to 10 m and [2] more than 10 m outside of the patrol flags. Participants (N=526) completed measures of attitudes, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control (PBC), intentions/willingness, and both objective and subjective risk perceptions. Two weeks later, a sub-sample of participants reported on their beach swimming behaviour for the previous fortnight. Attitude and subjective norm predicted intentions to swim between and willingness to swim outside of the flags. Age and PBC influenced willingness to swim beyond the flags. Objective risk predicted willingness to swim beyond the flags (both distances) while subjective risk predicted willingness to swim up to 10 m outside the flags. People's intentions to swim between the flags were correlated with their behaviour at follow-up. This study provides a preliminary investigation into an important safety behaviour and identifies factors to target when promoting safe swimming behaviours to prevent drowning deaths on Australian beaches.
在有巡逻的海滩游泳可降低溺水和险些溺水的可能性。本研究以计划行为理论（TPB）为基础，增加了风险认知，来预测人们在有巡逻的海滩上在旗帜之间游泳的意图。我们还研究了人们在巡逻旗帜外 [1] 10 米以内和 [2] 10 米以外游泳的意愿的预测因素。参与者（N=526）完成了态度、主观规范、感知行为控制（PBC）、意图/意愿以及客观和主观风险认知的测量。两周后，一部分参与者报告了他们在前两周的海滩游泳行为。态度和主观规范预测了在旗帜之间游泳的意图和在旗帜外游泳的意愿。年龄和 PBC 影响了超出旗帜游泳的意愿。客观风险预测了超出旗帜（两个距离）游泳的意愿，而主观风险预测了在旗帜外游泳 10 米以内的意愿。人们在旗帜之间游泳的意图与随访时的行为相关。这项研究初步调查了一项重要的安全行为，并确定了在澳大利亚海滩上预防溺水死亡时需要针对的因素，以促进安全游泳行为。
