Department of Environmental Science and Technology in Forestry, University of Florence, Via S. Bonaventura 13, I-50145 Firenze, Italy.
Accid Anal Prev. 2010 Nov;42(6):2013-7. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2010.06.011. Epub 2010 Jul 7.
The study compared the performance of four different logging crews with respect to productivity, organization and safety. To this purpose, the authors developed a data collection method capable of providing a quantitative analysis of risk-taking behavior. Four crews were tested under the same working conditions, representative of close-to-nature alpine forestry. Motor-manual working methods were applied, since these methods are still prevalent in the specific study area, despite the growing popularity of mechanical processors. Crews from public companies showed a significantly lower frequency of risk-taking behavior. The best safety performance was offered by the only (public) crew that had been administered formal safety training. The study seems to deny the common prejudice that safety practice is inversely proportional to productivity. Instead, productivity is increased by introducing more efficient working methods and equipment. The quantitative analysis of risk-taking behavior developed in this study can be applied to a number of industrial fields besides forestry. Characterizing risk-taking behavior for a given case may eventually lead to the development of custom-made training programmes, which may address problem areas while avoiding that the message is weakened by the inclusion of redundant information. In the specific case of logging crews in the central Alps, the study suggests that current training courses may be weak on ergonomics, and advocates a staged training programme, focusing first on accident reduction and then expanding to the prevention of chronic illness.
本研究比较了四支不同伐木队在生产力、组织和安全方面的表现。为此，作者开发了一种数据收集方法，能够对冒险行为进行定量分析。四支队伍在相同的工作条件下进行了测试，这些条件代表了接近自然的高山林业。应用了机动手动工作方法，因为这些方法在特定的研究区域仍然很普遍，尽管机械加工的应用越来越普及。来自公共公司的队伍表现出的冒险行为频率明显较低。表现出最佳安全性能的是唯一一支（公共）接受过正式安全培训的队伍。该研究似乎否定了一个普遍的偏见，即安全实践与生产力成反比。相反，通过引入更有效的工作方法和设备可以提高生产力。本研究中开发的冒险行为定量分析可应用于林业以外的许多工业领域。为特定情况描述冒险行为最终可能会导致制定定制的培训计划，这些计划可以解决问题领域，同时避免因包含冗余信息而削弱信息。在阿尔卑斯山中部的伐木队的具体案例中，该研究表明当前的培训课程可能在人体工程学方面较弱，并提倡分阶段的培训计划，首先侧重于减少事故，然后扩展到预防慢性病。
