Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, Calif 94612, USA.
Hypertension. 2010 Oct;56(4):605-11. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.153528. Epub 2010 Aug 23.
Achieving full benefits of blood pressure control in populations requires prompt recognition of previously undetected hypertension. In 2003, the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure provided definitions of hypertension and recommended that single elevated readings be confirmed within 1 to 2 months. We sought to determine whether the time required to confirm and recognize (ie, diagnose and/or treat) new-onset hypertension decreased from 2002 to 2006 for adult members of 2 large integrated healthcare delivery systems, Kaiser Permanente Northern California and Colorado. Using electronically stored office blood pressure readings, physician diagnoses, and pharmacy prescriptions, we identified 200 587 patients with new-onset hypertension (2002-2006) marked by 2 consecutive elevated blood pressure readings in previously undiagnosed, untreated members. Mean confirmation intervals (time from the first to second consecutive elevated reading) declined steadily from 103 to 89 days during this period. For persons recognized within 12 months after confirmation, the mean interval to recognition declined from 78 to 61 days. However, only 33% of individuals were recognized within 12 months. One third were never recognized during observed follow-up. For these patients, most subsequent blood pressure recordings were not elevated. Higher initial blood pressure levels, history of previous cardiovascular disease, and older age were associated with shorter times to recognition. Times to confirmation and recognition of new-onset hypertension have become shorter in recent years, especially for patients with higher cardiovascular disease risk. Variability in office-based blood pressure readings suggests that further improvements in recognition and treatment may be achieved with more specific automated approaches to identifying hypertension.
要使人群充分受益于血压控制,就需要迅速识别出以前未发现的高血压。2003 年,美国预防、检测、评估与治疗高血压全国联合委员会第七次报告(JNC7)对高血压进行了定义,并建议在 1 至 2 个月内对单次升高的读数进行确认。我们试图确定在两个大型综合医疗服务系统,即 Kaiser Permanente 北加利福尼亚州和科罗拉多州,成人患者的新确诊高血压(2002 年至 2006 年)的确诊和/或治疗所需时间是否有所缩短。我们使用电子存储的办公室血压读数、医生诊断和药房处方,确定了 200587 例新确诊的高血压患者(2002-2006 年),这些患者此前未被诊断和治疗,且有两次连续升高的血压读数。在此期间,确认间隔(从首次连续升高读数到第二次连续升高读数的时间)从 103 天稳步下降至 89 天。对于在确认后 12 个月内得到识别的患者,识别到的平均间隔从 78 天降至 61 天。但是,只有 33%的人在 12 个月内得到识别。三分之一的人在观察随访期间从未得到识别。对于这些患者,大多数后续血压测量值并不升高。较高的初始血压水平、既往心血管疾病史和较年长与较短的识别时间相关。近年来,新确诊高血压的确诊和识别时间有所缩短,特别是对心血管疾病风险较高的患者。办公室血压读数的变异性表明,通过更具体的自动方法来识别高血压,可能会进一步提高识别和治疗的效果。