Secondary Breast Cancer, Sutton, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, UK.
Eur J Cancer Care (Engl). 2010 Sep;19(5):564-74. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2354.2010.01215.x.
A diagnosis of metastatic (or secondary) breast cancer is frequently more distressing than the diagnosis of a primary tumour since it indicates that the cancer is no longer curable. Relatively little is known, however, about women's experiences of this condition in comparison with those diagnosed with primary breast cancer. This paper therefore reports findings from a secondary analysis of the published literature on the topic using tools from the critical appraisal skills programme to identify and analyse appropriate papers, and the constant comparative method as a means of identifying any overarching or dominant themes emerging from the literature. Uncertainty, lack of control and poor emotional functioning emerged as the main themes affecting women with metastatic breast cancer. These are discussed in relation to their antecedents in the original studies and their implications for nursing care. The themes demonstrate that living with metastatic (or secondary) breast cancer is a multifaceted experience that is influenced by a large number of factors, many of which are under-researched in comparison with those affecting women diagnosed with primary disease. It is clear, however, that women affected by the condition need a great deal more support than they currently receive, and new services may be required to meet these needs.
转移性（或继发性）乳腺癌的诊断通常比原发性肿瘤的诊断更令人痛苦，因为这表明癌症已无法治愈。然而，与原发性乳腺癌患者相比，人们对女性在这种情况下的经历了解甚少。因此，本文报告了使用批判性评估技能计划中的工具对该主题的已发表文献进行二次分析的结果，以确定和分析合适的论文，以及使用恒定比较方法从文献中识别任何总体或主导主题的结果。不确定性、缺乏控制和情绪功能不佳是影响转移性乳腺癌女性的主要主题。本文将对这些主题及其在原始研究中的前因后果进行讨论，并对护理产生影响。这些主题表明，患有转移性（或继发性）乳腺癌是一种多方面的经历，受到许多因素的影响，其中许多因素与影响原发性疾病患者的因素相比，研究得还不够充分。然而，很明显，受该疾病影响的女性需要比目前更多的支持，可能需要新的服务来满足这些需求。
