Nilsen O G, Rennemo F, Rennemo R, Lenfant B
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Trondheim, Norway.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1990 Nov;26 Suppl C:71-5. doi: 10.1093/jac/26.suppl_c.71.
In an open, crossover study of 12 patients of mean age 74 (range 64-88) who required perioperative prophylactic antibiotic therapy, cefodizime was administered as a single iv infusion of 1 g, and repeated infusions of 1 g twice daily for 4.5 days. Serum and urine concentrations of cefodizime were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The following pharmacokinetic indices were estimated after single and repeated (values in brackets) dosing: C0.15h 269 (285) mg/l; C12h 8.7 (8.5) mg/l; AUC 557 (494) mg.h/l; Clt 1.93 (2.20) l/h; Vdss 8.62 (8.56) l; T1-2 4.06 (4.07) h; U0-36h: 569 (624) mg; and Clr0-12h 1.17 (1.39) l/h. No statistically significant differences in these values were found between single and repeated dose treatments. These results demonstrate a lack of accumulation and no changes in the pharmacokinetic profile of cefodizime during repeated dosing in the elderly. No modification of the dosage regimen of cefodizime would appear to be necessary in the elderly as compared with young healthy subjects.
在一项针对12名平均年龄74岁（范围64 - 88岁）且需要围手术期预防性抗生素治疗的患者的开放性交叉研究中，头孢地嗪以单次静脉输注1 g给药，并在4.5天内每日两次重复输注1 g。通过高效液相色谱法测定头孢地嗪的血清和尿液浓度。在单次给药和重复给药（括号内为重复给药值）后估算了以下药代动力学指标：C0.15h为269（285）mg/l；C12h为8.7（8.5）mg/l；AUC为557（494）mg·h/l；Clt为1.93（2.20）l/h；Vdss为8.62（8.56）l；T1-2为4.06（4.07）h；U0-36h为569（624）mg；以及Clr0-12h为1.17（1.39）l/h。在单次给药和重复给药治疗之间，这些值未发现有统计学上的显著差异。这些结果表明，在老年患者重复给药期间，头孢地嗪没有蓄积，药代动力学特征也没有变化。与年轻健康受试者相比，老年患者似乎无需调整头孢地嗪的给药方案。
