Rivera M A, Matos R M, Volquez B
Centro de Salud Deportiva y Ciencias del Ejercicio Albergue Olímpico y Recinto Ciencias Médicas Universidad, Salinas, Puerto Rico 00751.
P R Health Sci J. 1990 Aug;9(2):179-83.
The purpose of this study was to determine and describe the chronological age, age at menarche (AM), age at initiation of training (AIT), years dedicated to training (YDT), selected menstrual characteristics, use of oral contraceptives, family size (FZ), birth order (BO), martial status, and number of children relative to sport of Puerto Rican women athletes. Fifty five (55) women athletes (track and field n = 6, basketball n = 7, gymnastics n = 5, synchronized swimming n = 9, swimming n = 5, softball n = 14, tennis n = 4 [field tennis n = 2, table tennis n = 2], and volleyball n = 5) members of the Puerto Rico Olympic Committee delegation to the XV Central American and Caribbean Games were interview. The M +/- sd of the variables were as follows: age = 21.0 +/- 5.3 years, AIT = 11.4 +/- 4.3 years, YDT = 9.6 +/- 4.4 years, AM = 13.2 +/- 1.6 years, BO = 2.7 +/- 1.3, y FZ = 3.7 +/- 1.9. Five percent of the sample (gymnasts = 2, swimmers = 1) had not attained menarche at the time of the study. The prevalence for menstrual irregularity and dysmenorrhea was 44.2 and 40.4%, respectively. With respect to the degree of certainty in the recall of age of menarche: 61.5% were very certain, 25% certain, and 13.5% uncertain. The prevalence of the use of oral contraceptives was 7.3%. In conclusion, the results are within the range of those reported for olympic athletes.
本研究的目的是确定并描述波多黎各女运动员的实足年龄、初潮年龄（AM）、开始训练的年龄（AIT）、从事训练的年限（YDT）、选定的月经特征、口服避孕药的使用情况、家庭规模（FZ）、出生顺序（BO）、婚姻状况以及与运动相关的子女数量。对波多黎各奥林匹克委员会代表团中参加第十五届中美洲和加勒比运动会的55名女运动员（田径n = 6、篮球n = 7、体操n = 5、花样游泳n = 9、游泳n = 5、垒球n = 14、网球n = 4[场地网球n = 2、乒乓球n = 2]、排球n = 5）进行了访谈。各变量的M±标准差如下：年龄 = 21.0±5.3岁，AIT = 11.4±4.3岁，YDT = 9.6±4.4岁，AM = 13.2±1.6岁，BO = 2.7±1.3，FZ = 3.7±1.9。5%的样本（体操运动员 = 2名、游泳运动员 = 1名）在研究时尚未初潮。月经不调和痛经的患病率分别为44.2%和40.4%。关于初潮年龄回忆的确信程度：61.5%非常确定，25%确定，13.5%不确定。口服避孕药的使用率为7.3%。总之，结果在已报道的奥运会运动员结果范围内。
