Malina R M, Bouchard C, Shoup R F, Demirjian A, Lariviere G
Med Sci Sports. 1979 Winter;11(4):354-8.
Age at menarache, family size, and birth order in 145 athletes at the Montreal Olympic Games, 1976, were determined through interview. The athletes represented 27 countries, but 76% came from Canada, Great Britain and the United States. On the average, athletes attained menarche later than the general population in their respective countries, the mean age at menarche for the sample of 139 athletes who had attained menarche at the time of the survey being 13.66 +/- 0.12 years. Six athletes had not yet attained menarche at the time of the survey. Gymnasts, runners and rowers attained menarche significantly later than swimmers, but gymnasts, runners, rowers and jumpers/hurdlers did not differ significantly among themselves in the age at menarche. Correlations between age at menarche and family size and birth order were significant, but low to moderate in magnitude. Athletes from larger families tended to have, on the average, later menarche than those from smaller families, this trend being more apparent in rowers and track and field athletes.
通过访谈确定了1976年蒙特利尔奥运会145名运动员的初潮年龄、家庭规模和出生顺序。这些运动员代表27个国家，但76%来自加拿大、英国和美国。平均而言，运动员的初潮年龄晚于各自国家的普通人群，在调查时已初潮的139名运动员样本的初潮平均年龄为13.66±0.12岁。6名运动员在调查时尚未初潮。体操运动员、跑步运动员和赛艇运动员的初潮年龄明显晚于游泳运动员，但体操运动员、跑步运动员、赛艇运动员和跳远/跨栏运动员之间的初潮年龄没有显著差异。初潮年龄与家庭规模和出生顺序之间的相关性显著，但程度较低至中等。来自大家庭的运动员平均初潮年龄往往比来自小家庭的运动员晚，这种趋势在赛艇运动员和田径运动员中更为明显。
