Giora Enrico, Gori Simone
Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo, 1, 20126 Milano, Italy.
Vision Res. 2010 Nov 23;50(23):2466-75. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2010.08.033. Epub 2010 Aug 27.
According to the Oppel-Kundt illusion, a filled space appears larger than an empty one. In the present research we studied how textural characteristics affect the perceived size of two-dimensional patterns. We investigated the perceived extension of square textures by manipulating spatial frequency and filling microelements' numerosity. Subjects compared the test stimuli with a uniform gray square varied in size and performed the task both with the adjustment and the constant stimuli methods. An illusory increment of area extension was generally found with textured stimuli. The illusory effect increased with spatial frequency and decreased with the microelements' number, indicating an independent processing of these two basic properties. Moreover, the smaller effect found when spatial frequency extraction became harder, confirmed that the illusion involves spatial frequency processing. Finally, the reduced overestimation of areas observed with a weaker subparts' articulation confirmed the relevance of clear distinguishable micropatterns at the basis of the phenomenon. Those results demonstrate the influence of textural statistical properties on perceiving the size of a visual object.
根据奥佩尔-昆特错觉，一个有填充物的空间看起来比一个空的空间更大。在本研究中，我们研究了纹理特征如何影响二维图案的感知大小。我们通过操纵空间频率和填充微元素的数量来研究方形纹理的感知延伸。受试者将测试刺激与大小不同的均匀灰色正方形进行比较，并使用调整法和恒定刺激法完成任务。对于有纹理的刺激，通常会发现面积延伸的错觉增加。错觉效应随空间频率增加而增加，随微元素数量减少而降低，表明这两个基本属性是独立处理的。此外，当空间频率提取变得更困难时发现的较小效应，证实了该错觉涉及空间频率处理。最后，在子部分清晰度较低时观察到的面积高估减少，证实了清晰可辨的微图案在该现象基础上的相关性。这些结果证明了纹理统计属性对视觉对象大小感知的影响。
