Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
Med Sci Monit. 2010 Sep;16(9):PH77-81.
As pre- and postnatal depression is a multifactorial disorder, the screening programmes which are currently in use in obstetric clinics remain problematic due to their inadequate standardization and limited efficacy. The evaluation of core risk factors for perinatal depression in the screening process, in addition to routine questionnaire-based tools such as the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), might improve the diagnosis and early treatment of women affected by depression. This study was undertaken to analyze the relationship between personality traits and the risk of perinatal depression in pregnant and postpartum women.
MATERIAL/METHODS: For the study, 229 patients (pregnant and postpartum women) admitted to an obstetric hospital in Poland were recruited. Two self-report questionnaires were used: the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as a screening tool for depressive symptoms and the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) for the evaluation of five personality traits in the studied patients.
Neuroticism significantly increased the risk of perinatal depressive symptoms in both pregnant and postpartum women (OR=1.23 and OR=1.11, respectively). Personality traits related to a lower risk of perinatal depression in the group of pregnant women included extraversion, openness to experience, high degree of agreeableness and conscientiousness (OR=0.90, OR=0.92, OR=0.90 and OR=0.91, respectively). However, among at-risk postpartum women no additional factors, except neuroticism, affected the prevalence of depressive symptoms.
Personality trait like neuroticism as measured by the NEO-FFI is associated with a greater risk of perinatal depression. The NEO-FFI is a useful tool, potentially adding significant value to the program of perinatal depression screening.
由于产前和产后抑郁症是一种多因素障碍，目前在产科诊所使用的筛查方案由于其标准化程度不足和疗效有限，仍然存在问题。在筛查过程中除了常规的基于问卷的工具（如爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS））评估围产期抑郁的核心风险因素，可能会改善受抑郁影响的妇女的诊断和早期治疗。本研究旨在分析人格特质与围产期抑郁风险之间的关系在孕妇和产后妇女中。
材料/方法：在这项研究中，波兰一家产科医院招募了 229 名患者（孕妇和产后妇女）。使用了两种自我报告问卷：爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）作为评估抑郁症状的筛查工具和 NEO 五因素量表（NEO-FFI）用于评估研究患者的五种人格特质。
神经质在孕妇和产后妇女中均显著增加了围产期抑郁症状的风险（OR=1.23 和 OR=1.11）。与孕妇组中围产期抑郁风险较低相关的人格特质包括外向性、开放性、高宜人性和尽责性（OR=0.90、OR=0.92、OR=0.90 和 OR=0.91）。然而，在高危产后妇女中，除了神经质之外，没有其他因素影响抑郁症状的患病率。
如 NEO-FFI 所测量的人格特质如神经质与围产期抑郁的风险增加相关。NEO-FFI 是一种有用的工具，可能会为围产期抑郁筛查计划增加重要价值。
