Department of Educational Psychology, Center on Disability and Development, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA.
Rehabil Psychol. 2010 Aug;55(3):211-20. doi: 10.1037/a0020079.
To examine the case management and disaster recovery needs of individuals with disabilities following Hurricane Katrina. The case managers and supervisors in this study provided case management to individuals with disabilities as part of the largest coordinated disaster case management program in U.S. history, the Katrina Aid Today consortium. This study provides an account of the disaster case management needs of individuals with disabilities as well as a picture of their long-term recovery process two years following the disaster.
Forty-two case managers and 12 case management supervisors from this program provided services to a collective caseload of 2,047 individuals with disabilities and their families. Interviews and telephone surveys were conducted with these participants 20-24 months after the disaster. The qualitative data were analyzed using grounded theory methodology, and descriptive statistics summarize the demographic data.
Findings suggest that the disaster recovery process is typically more complex and lengthy for individuals with disabilities and requires negotiation of a service system sometimes unprepared for disability-related needs. Barriers to disaster recovery for individuals with disabilities included a lack of accessible housing, transportation, and disaster services. Supports to disaster recovery included the individual effort and advocacy of a case manager, connecting with needed resources, collaboration with other agencies, and client motivation and persistence.
Results suggest that disaster recovery is facilitated by case managers with disability expertise, including knowledge about the needs of individuals with disabilities and about disability-related services.
研究卡特里娜飓风过后残疾人的个案管理和灾难恢复需求。本研究中的个案管理员和主管作为美国历史上最大规模的协调灾难个案管理计划——卡特里娜援助今日联盟的一部分，为残疾人提供个案管理服务。本研究描述了残疾人的灾难个案管理需求，并描绘了他们在灾难发生两年后的长期恢复过程。
来自该计划的 42 名个案管理员和 12 名个案管理主管为 2047 名残疾人及其家属提供了集体个案管理服务。在灾难发生 20-24 个月后，对这些参与者进行了访谈和电话调查。使用扎根理论方法对定性数据进行分析，并使用描述性统计总结人口统计数据。
研究结果表明，残疾人的灾难恢复过程通常更为复杂和漫长，需要协商服务系统，而服务系统有时对残疾相关需求准备不足。残疾人灾难恢复的障碍包括无障碍住房、交通和灾难服务的缺乏。支持残疾人灾难恢复的因素包括个案管理员的个人努力和倡导、与所需资源的联系、与其他机构的合作以及客户的动机和坚持。
研究结果表明，具有残疾专业知识的个案管理员（包括了解残疾人的需求和残疾相关服务）有助于灾难恢复。
