Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 641 Lexington Avenue, Seventh Floor, New York, NY 10022, USA.
J Behav Med. 2011 Feb;34(1):53-63. doi: 10.1007/s10865-010-9286-4. Epub 2010 Sep 1.
Personal attributions for cancer risk involve factors that individuals believe contribute to their risk for developing cancer. Understanding personal risk attributions for melanoma may dictate gene-environment melanoma risk communication strategies. We examined attributions for melanoma risk in a population-based sample of melanoma survivors, first degree family members, and family members who are also parents (N = 939). We conducted qualitative examination of open-ended risk attributions and logistic regression examining predictors (demographics, family member type, perceived risk) of the attributions reported (ultraviolet radiation [UVR] exposure, heredity/genetics, phenotype, personal melanoma history, miscellaneous). We found a predominance of risk attributions to UVR and heredity/genetics (80 and 45% of the sample, respectively). Those reporting higher education levels were more likely to endorse attributions to heredity/genetics, as well as to phenotype, than those of lower education levels. First-degree relatives and parent family members were more likely to endorse heredity/genetic attributions than melanoma survivors; melanoma survivors were more likely to endorse personal history of melanoma attributions compared to first-degree relatives and parent family members. These findings inform the development of risk communication interventions for melanoma families.
个人对癌症风险的归因涉及个人认为会导致其患癌症的因素。了解黑色素瘤的个人风险归因可能决定了基因-环境黑色素瘤风险沟通策略。我们在一个基于人群的黑色素瘤幸存者、一级亲属和也是父母的亲属（N=939）样本中检查了黑色素瘤风险的归因。我们对开放式风险归因进行了定性检查，并进行了逻辑回归分析，以检查报告归因的预测因素（人口统计学、亲属类型、感知风险）（紫外线辐射[UVR]暴露、遗传/遗传学、表型、个人黑色素瘤史、杂项）。我们发现，UVR 和遗传/遗传学的风险归因占主导地位（分别为 80%和 45%的样本）。与教育程度较低的人相比，受教育程度较高的人更有可能认同遗传/遗传学归因，以及表型归因。一级亲属和父母亲属比黑色素瘤幸存者更有可能认同遗传/遗传归因；与一级亲属和父母亲属相比，黑色素瘤幸存者更有可能认同个人黑色素瘤史归因。这些发现为黑色素瘤家族的风险沟通干预措施的制定提供了信息。
