Authors' Affiliation: The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2013 Oct;22(10):1813-24. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-0249.
We studied whether a melanoma survivor-centered intervention was more effective than materials available to the general public in increasing children's sun protection.
In a randomized controlled trial, melanoma survivors (n = 340) who had a child ≤ 12 years received a targeted sun protection intervention (DVD and booklets) or standard education. Primary outcomes were children's sunburns, children's sun protection, and survivors' psychosocial factors at baseline and postintervention (1 and 4 months).
The intervention increased children's sunscreen reapplication at 1 month (P = 0.002) and use of wide-brimmed hats at 4 months (P = 0.045). There were no effects on other behaviors or sunburns. The intervention improved survivors' hats/clothing self-efficacy at both follow-up assessments (P = 0.026, 0.009). At 4 months, the intervention improved survivors' clothing intentions (P = 0.029), knowledge (P = 0.010), and outcome expectations for hats (P = 0.002) and clothing (P = 0.037). Children's sun protection increased with survivors' intervention use. The intervention was less effective in survivors who were female or who had a family history, older children, or children with higher baseline sun protection scores.
A melanoma survivor-centered sun protection intervention can improve some child and survivor outcomes. The intervention may be more effective in survivors who have younger children or less experience with sun protection. Intervention delivery must be enhanced to maximize use.
This is the first study to examine a sun protection intervention for children of melanoma survivors. Findings will guide interventions for this important population at increased melanoma risk.
我们研究了以黑色素瘤幸存者为中心的干预措施是否比公众可获得的材料更能有效增加儿童的防晒措施。
在一项随机对照试验中，患有≤12 岁儿童的黑色素瘤幸存者（n=340）接受了有针对性的防晒干预措施（DVD 和手册）或标准教育。主要结局指标是儿童晒伤、儿童防晒措施以及幸存者在基线和干预后（1 个月和 4 个月）的心理社会因素。
干预措施增加了儿童在 1 个月时防晒霜的再涂抹（P=0.002）和 4 个月时宽边帽的使用（P=0.045）。其他行为或晒伤没有影响。干预措施在两次随访评估时都提高了幸存者的帽子/衣服自我效能感（P=0.026，0.009）。在 4 个月时，干预措施提高了幸存者的穿衣意图（P=0.029）、知识（P=0.010）和帽子（P=0.002）和衣服（P=0.037）的结果预期。幸存者对干预措施的使用增加了儿童的防晒措施。干预措施在女性或有家族史、年龄较大的儿童或基线防晒评分较高的幸存者中效果较差。
以黑色素瘤幸存者为中心的防晒干预措施可以改善一些儿童和幸存者的结局。干预措施在有年幼子女或较少防晒经验的幸存者中可能更有效。必须加强干预措施的实施，以最大限度地提高使用率。
这是第一项研究黑色素瘤幸存者儿童防晒干预措施的研究。研究结果将为这一处于更高黑色素瘤风险的重要人群的干预措施提供指导。
