Department of Pathology, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan.
Vet Pathol. 2011 Mar;48(2):506-12. doi: 10.1177/0300985810380394. Epub 2010 Sep 3.
Diabetic patients are predisposed to periodontal disease as well as dental caries; however, there are contradictory reports about the possible association between dental caries and diabetes. Thus, the authors set out to determine whether diabetes affects onset of dental caries and periodontal disease and to clarify whether dental caries and periodontal disease are associated with each other in diabetic db/db mice. Oral tissue was examined from 68 male mice (diabetic db/db and nondiabetic db/+; aged 20, 30, 40, and 50 weeks) and 20 female mice (db/db and db/+; aged 50 weeks). Macroscopically, caries were seen developing in the diabetic mice by 20 weeks of age. The number of teeth with dental lesions increased with age in the db/db mice at a significantly higher incidence than that of db/+ mice. Histologically, dental caries were detected in 30 of 120 molars in 17 of 20 db/db mice at 50 weeks of age and in 4 of 108 molars in 4 of 18 db/+ mice of the same age. The severity of dental caries in db/db mice was significantly higher than it was in db/+ mice. Dental caries were a primary change that led to bacterial gingivitis and pulpitis. These lesions spread to the dental root and periodontal connective tissue through the apical foramen. Apical periodontitis was more frequent and severe when occurring in close association with dental caries. In conclusion, there is a strong relationship between diabetes and dental caries, but in this model, it is highly probable that the onset of periodontal disease was a secondary change resulting from dental caries.
糖尿病患者易患牙周病和龋齿；然而，关于龋齿和糖尿病之间可能存在的关联，有相互矛盾的报道。因此，作者旨在确定糖尿病是否会影响龋齿和牙周病的发生，并阐明在糖尿病 db/db 小鼠中，龋齿和牙周病是否相互关联。从 68 只雄性小鼠（糖尿病 db/db 和非糖尿病 db/+；年龄 20、30、40 和 50 周）和 20 只雌性小鼠（db/db 和 db/+；年龄 50 周）的口腔组织进行了检查。宏观上，20 周龄时糖尿病小鼠开始出现龋齿。db/db 小鼠的牙齿病变数量随年龄增长而增加，且发病率明显高于 db/+小鼠。组织学上，在 50 周龄的 20 只 db/db 小鼠中，有 17 只的 120 颗磨牙中有 30 颗发现有龋齿，而在相同年龄的 18 只 db/+小鼠中，有 4 只的 108 颗磨牙中有 4 颗发现有龋齿。db/db 小鼠的龋齿严重程度明显高于 db/+ 小鼠。龋齿是导致细菌性龈炎和牙髓炎的主要病变。这些病变通过根尖孔扩散到牙髓和牙周结缔组织。与龋齿密切相关时，根尖周炎更频繁且更严重。总之，糖尿病和龋齿之间存在很强的关系，但在这种模型中，牙周病的发生极有可能是龋齿的继发变化。
