Department of Physical Therapy, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
J Am Board Fam Med. 2010 Sep-Oct;23(5):640-6. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2010.05.090296.
Myofascial pain is a common syndrome seen by family practitioners worldwide. It can affect up to 10% of the adult population and can account for acute and chronic pain complaints. In this clinical narrative review we have attempted to introduce dry needling, a relatively new method for the management of musculoskeletal pain, to the general medical community. Different methods of dry needling, its effectiveness, and physiologic and adverse effects are discussed. Dry needling is a treatment modality that is minimally invasive, cheap, easy to learn with appropriate training, and carries a low risk. Its effectiveness has been confirmed in numerous studies and 2 comprehensive systematic reviews. The deep method of dry needling has been shown to be more effective than the superficial one for the treatment of pain associated with myofascial trigger points. However, over areas with potential risk of significant adverse events, such as lungs and large blood vessels, we suggest using the superficial technique, which has also been shown to be effective, albeit to a lesser extent. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of dry needling. There also is a great need for further investigation into the development of pain at myofascial trigger points.
肌筋膜疼痛是一种常见的综合征，在全球范围内的家庭医生中都能见到。它可以影响多达 10%的成年人，并可导致急性和慢性疼痛。在本次临床叙事性综述中，我们试图向普通医学社区介绍干针疗法，这是一种治疗肌肉骨骼疼痛的相对较新方法。我们讨论了不同的干针疗法、其有效性以及生理和不良反应。干针疗法是一种微创、廉价、易于学习（在接受适当培训的情况下）且风险低的治疗方式。它的有效性已经在许多研究和 2 项全面的系统性综述中得到了证实。深层干针疗法已被证明对于治疗与肌筋膜触发点相关的疼痛比浅层更有效。但是，在有发生重大不良事件风险的区域（如肺部和大血管），我们建议使用浅层技术，尽管效果稍差，但也已被证明是有效的。需要进一步的研究来评估干针疗法的有效性。还需要进一步研究肌筋膜触发点疼痛的发展。
