Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, India.
Environ Monit Assess. 2011 Jul;178(1-4):281-91. doi: 10.1007/s10661-010-1689-8. Epub 2010 Sep 8.
In the present study, a total of 198 bacteria were isolated, 88 from the tannery effluents and 110 from agricultural soil irrigated with the tannery effluents. Tannery effluents and soils were analyzed for metal concentrations by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The tannery effluents and soil samples were found to be contaminated with chromium, nickel, zinc, copper, and cadmium. All isolates were tested for their resistance against Cr(6+ ), Cr(3+ ), Ni(2+ ), Zn(2+ ), Cu(2+ ), Cd(2+ ), and Hg(2+ ). From the total of 198 isolates, maximum bacterial isolates were found to be resistant to Cr(6+ ) 178 (89.9%) followed by Cr(3+ ) 146 (73.7%), Cd(2+ ) 86 (43.4%), Zn(2+ ) 83 (41.9%), Ni(2+ ) 61 (30.8%), and Cu(2+ ) 51 (25.6%). However, most of the isolates were sensitive to Hg(2+ ). Among the isolates from tannery effluents, 97.8% were resistant to Cr(6+ ) and 64.8% were resistant to Cr(3+ ). Most of the soil isolates were resistant against Cr(6+ ) (83.6%) and Cr(3+ ) (81.8%). All isolates were categorized into Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In a total of 114 Gram-positive isolates, 91.2% were resistant to Cr(6+ ) followed by 73.7% to Cr(3+ ), 42.1% to Zn(2+ ), 40.4% to Cd(2+ ), and 32.5% to Ni(2+ ). Among Gram-negative isolates, 88.1% were found showing resistance to Cr(6+ ), 75.0% to Cr(3+ ), and 47.6% were resistant to Cd(2+ ). Majority of these metal-resistant isolates were surprisingly found sensitive to the ten commonly used antibiotics. Out of 198 isolates, 114 were found sensitive to all antibiotics whereas only two isolates were resistant to maximum eight antibiotics at a time. Forty-one and 40 isolates which constitute 20.7% and 20.2% were resistant to methicilin and amoxicillin, respectively.
在本研究中，共分离出 198 株细菌，其中 88 株来自制革厂废水，110 株来自用制革厂废水灌溉的农田土壤。采用原子吸收分光光度计分析制革厂废水和土壤中的金属浓度。制革厂废水和土壤样品受到铬、镍、锌、铜和镉的污染。所有分离株均测试其对 Cr(6+)、Cr(3+)、Ni(2+)、Zn(2+)、Cu(2+)、Cd(2+)和 Hg(2+)的抗性。在总共 198 个分离株中，发现最大数量的细菌分离株对 Cr(6+)具有抗性，为 178 株（89.9%），其次是 Cr(3+)，为 146 株（73.7%）、Cd(2+)，为 86 株（43.4%）、Zn(2+)，为 83 株（41.9%）、Ni(2+)，为 61 株（30.8%）和 Cu(2+)，为 51 株（25.6%）。然而，大多数分离株对 Hg(2+)敏感。在来自制革厂废水的分离株中，97.8%对 Cr(6+)具有抗性，64.8%对 Cr(3+)具有抗性。大多数土壤分离株对 Cr(6+)（83.6%）和 Cr(3+)（81.8%）具有抗性。所有分离株均分为革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌。在总共 114 株革兰氏阳性分离株中，91.2%对 Cr(6+)具有抗性，其次是 73.7%对 Cr(3+)、42.1%对 Zn(2+)、40.4%对 Cd(2+)和 32.5%对 Ni(2+)。在革兰氏阴性分离株中，88.1%表现出对 Cr(6+)的抗性，75.0%对 Cr(3+)的抗性，47.6%对 Cd(2+)的抗性。这些耐金属分离株中的大多数出人意料地对十种常用抗生素敏感。在 198 个分离株中，有 114 个对所有抗生素敏感，而只有两个分离株同时对最多八种抗生素具有抗性。41 株和 40 株分别占 20.7%和 20.2%，对甲氧西林和阿莫西林敏感。
