Eller L S, Bunch E H, Wantland D J, Portillo C J, Reynolds N R, Nokes K M, Coleman C L, Kemppainen J K, Kirksey K M, Corless I B, Hamilton M J, Dole P J, Nicholas P K, Holzemer W L, Tsai Y-F
Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, Newark, USA.
AIDS Care. 2010 Sep;22(9):1159-70. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2010.498860.
Depressive symptoms are highly prevalent yet undertreated in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHAs). As part of a larger study of symptom self-management (N=1217), this study examined the prevalence, correlates, and characteristics (intensity, distress, and impact) of depressive symptoms, and the self-care strategies used to manage those symptoms in PLHAs in five countries. The proportion of respondents from each country in the total sample reporting depressive symptoms in the past week varied and included Colombia (44%), Norway (66%), Puerto Rico (57%), Taiwan (35%), and the USA (56%). Fifty-four percent (n=655) of the total sample reported experiencing depressive symptoms in the past week, with a mean of 4.1 (SD 2.1) days of depression. Mean depression intensity 5.4 (SD 2.7), distressfulness 5.5 (SD 2.86), and impact 5.5 (SD 3.0) were rated on a 1-10 scale. The mean Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale score for those reporting depressive symptoms was 27 (SD 11; range 3-58), and varied significantly by country. Respondents identified 19 self-care behaviors for depressive symptoms, which fell into six categories: complementary therapies, talking to others, distraction techniques, physical activity, medications, and denial/avoidant coping. The most frequently used strategies varied by country. In the US sample, 33% of the variance in depressive symptoms was predicted by the combination of education, HIV symptoms, psychological and social support, and perceived consequences of HIV disease.
抑郁症状在艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者（PLHAs）中极为普遍，但却未得到充分治疗。作为一项关于症状自我管理的大型研究（N = 1217）的一部分，本研究调查了五个国家的艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者中抑郁症状的患病率、相关因素及特征（强度、痛苦程度和影响），以及用于管理这些症状的自我护理策略。过去一周内，样本中来自每个国家报告有抑郁症状的受访者比例各不相同，其中包括哥伦比亚（44%）、挪威（66%）、波多黎各（57%）、台湾（35%）和美国（56%）。总样本中有54%（n = 655）的受访者报告在过去一周内出现过抑郁症状，平均抑郁天数为4.1天（标准差2.1）。抑郁强度平均评分为5.4（标准差2.7），痛苦程度为5.5（标准差2.86），影响为5.5（标准差3.0），评分范围为1至10分。报告有抑郁症状者的流行病学研究中心抑郁量表平均得分为27分（标准差11；范围3 - 58），且各国之间差异显著。受访者确定了19种针对抑郁症状的自我护理行为，可分为六类：补充疗法、与他人交谈、分散注意力技巧、体育活动、药物治疗以及否认/回避应对。最常使用的策略因国家而异。在美国样本中，教育程度、艾滋病毒症状、心理和社会支持以及对艾滋病毒疾病的感知后果这几个因素共同预测了33%的抑郁症状差异。
