Cardiff University, Psych Medical, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK.
J Intellect Disabil Res. 2010 Nov;54(11):981-91. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2010.01322.x. Epub 2010 Sep 2.
Health disparities between adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) and the general population have been well documented but, to date, no dedicated assessment battery for measuring health disparity has been available. This paper reports on the development and testing of a multinational assessment battery for collecting data on a range of health indicators relevant to adults with ID.
An assessment battery (the P15) was developed following piloting, and administered to samples of adults with ID, in 14 EU countries. Samples were neither random, nor representative of the countries from which they were drawn. However, within the local health administration areas selected in each country, efforts were made to ensure samples were broadly representative of the typical living circumstances, ages and ability levels of the administrative population of adults with ID. The total sample comprised 1269 adults with ID, of whom 49% were female. The mean age was 41 years (range 19 to 90).
Overall, feasibility, internal consistency and face validity of the P15 was acceptable.
With some refinement the P15 could be useful for collecting data on health indicators known to be particularly important for adults with ID. It is useable in a range of countries and has the potential to highlight health inequity for adults with ID at a national or local level. Larger scale epidemiological studies are needed to exploit the potential of the P15 to address health inequity in this group.
智力障碍成年人与普通人群之间的健康差距已经得到充分证明，但迄今为止，尚无专门用于衡量健康差距的评估工具包。本文报告了一种用于收集与智力障碍成年人相关的一系列健康指标数据的多国家评估工具包的开发和测试情况。
在试点之后，我们开发了一种评估工具包（P15），并在 14 个欧盟国家的智力障碍成年人样本中进行了测试。这些样本既不是随机的，也不是从其所在国家抽取的代表性样本。但是，在每个国家选定的当地卫生管理区域内，我们努力确保样本广泛代表了管理人口中智力障碍成年人的典型生活环境、年龄和能力水平。总样本由 1269 名智力障碍成年人组成，其中 49%为女性。平均年龄为 41 岁（范围为 19 至 90 岁）。
总体而言，P15 的可行性、内部一致性和表面有效性是可以接受的。
经过一些改进，P15 可以用于收集已知对智力障碍成年人特别重要的健康指标数据。它可在多个国家使用，并有可能在国家或地方一级突出智力障碍成年人的健康不平等问题。需要进行更大规模的流行病学研究，以利用 P15 来解决这一群体的健康不平等问题。
