Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Sainte-Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2010 Nov;10(11):1325-34. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.08.012. Epub 2010 Sep 8.
Neutrophils are the first line of innate immune defense against infectious diseases. However, since their discovery by Elie Metchnikoff, they have always been considered tissue-destructive cells responsible for inflammatory tissue damage occurring during acute infections. Now, extensive research in the field of neutrophil cell biology and their role skewing the immune response in various infections or inflammatory disorders revealed their importance in the regulation of immune response. Along with releasing various antimicrobial molecules, neutrophils also release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) for the containment of infection and inflammation. Activated neutrophils provide signals for the activation and maturation of macrophages as well as dendritic cells. Neutrophils are also involved in the regulation of T-cell immune response against various pathogens and tumor antigens. Thus, the present review is intended to highlight the emerging role of neutrophils in the regulation of both innate and adaptive immunity during acute infectious or inflammatory conditions.
中性粒细胞是抵御传染病的先天免疫防御的第一道防线。然而，自从伊莱·梅契尼科夫（Elie Metchnikoff）发现它们以来，它们一直被认为是导致急性感染期间发生炎症性组织损伤的破坏性细胞。现在，中性粒细胞细胞生物学及其在各种感染或炎症性疾病中影响免疫反应的作用的广泛研究揭示了它们在调节免疫反应中的重要性。除了释放各种抗菌分子外，中性粒细胞还释放中性粒细胞细胞外陷阱（NETs）以控制感染和炎症。活化的中性粒细胞为巨噬细胞和树突状细胞的激活和成熟提供信号。中性粒细胞还参与调节针对各种病原体和肿瘤抗原的 T 细胞免疫反应。因此，本综述旨在强调中性粒细胞在急性感染或炎症条件下调节先天免疫和适应性免疫的新作用。
