School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Clin Anat. 2011 Jan;24(1):84-90. doi: 10.1002/ca.21049. Epub 2010 Sep 9.
The fabella, a sesamoid bone located in the tendon of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle, was dissected from 102 lower limbs of 51 cadavers of age range 40-95 years (mean, 75.5 ± 14.5 years). The incidence of this sesamoid was determined as were its dimensions and radiological and histological features. The fabella was present in 23.5% of individuals, and it was bilaterally located in 50% of cases. It had an equal likelihood of occurring in males or females (P = 0.60), and in either right or left lower limb (P = 1.0). The consistency of the fabella was mostly bony (72.2%), a variety predominantly seen in male subjects. The mean diameters were 9.98 ± 0.9 mm and 8.78 ± 1.23 mm in males and females, respectively, with a statistically significant difference of P = 0.033. Histologically, bony fabellae had a core of spongy bone surrounded by compact bone, whereas nonbony fabellae were characterized by fibrocartilage.
研究人员从 51 具年龄在 40-95 岁（平均 75.5 ± 14.5 岁）的尸体的 102 条下肢中解剖出了腓骨附骨，这是一种位于腓肠肌外侧头肌腱内的籽骨。研究人员确定了这种籽骨的发生率、其大小以及影像学和组织学特征。腓骨附骨存在于 23.5%的个体中，50%的病例为双侧存在。它在男性和女性中的出现概率相同（P = 0.60），并且在左右下肢中出现的概率也相同（P = 1.0）。腓骨附骨的质地主要为骨（72.2%），这种情况主要见于男性。男性和女性的腓骨附骨平均直径分别为 9.98 ± 0.9mm 和 8.78 ± 1.23mm，两者之间存在统计学显著差异（P = 0.033）。组织学上，骨性腓骨附骨的核心为海绵骨，周围为密质骨，而非骨性腓骨附骨的特征为纤维软骨。
