Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 855 N. Wolfe St, Rangos 452, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2010 Oct;22(5):640-50. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2010.08.019. Epub 2010 Sep 9.
The cellular mechanisms driving mammalian epithelial morphogenesis are of significant fundamental and practical interest. Historically, these processes have been difficult to study directly, owing to the opacity and relative inaccessibility of mammalian tissues. Recent experimental advances in timelapse imaging and in 3D organotypic culture have enabled direct observation of epithelial morphogenesis. In the mammary gland, branching morphogenesis is observed to proceed through a novel form of collective epithelial migration. The active unit of morphogenesis is a multilayered epithelium with reduced apico-basal polarity, within which cells rearranged vigorously. From within this multilayered state, new ducts initiate and elongate into the matrix without leading cellular extensions or dedicated leaders. We discuss the implications of these findings on our understanding of epithelial morphogenesis in other organs and in cancer progression.
驱动哺乳动物上皮形态发生的细胞机制具有重要的基础和实际意义。由于哺乳动物组织的不透明性和相对不可及性，这些过程历来难以直接研究。延时成像和 3D 器官型培养方面的最新实验进展使直接观察上皮形态发生成为可能。在乳腺中，分支形态发生被观察到通过一种新型的集体上皮迁移进行。形态发生的活跃单位是具有降低的顶-基底极性的多层上皮，其中细胞剧烈地重新排列。在这个多层状态内，新的导管起始并在没有领先细胞延伸或专用领导者的情况下延伸到基质中。我们讨论了这些发现对我们理解其他器官上皮形态发生和癌症进展的影响。
