Servicio de Sanidad Animal, Consejería de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Junta de Extremadura, Mérida 06800, Spain.
Prev Vet Med. 2010 Nov 1;97(2):119-25. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2010.08.003. Epub 2010 Sep 15.
We report the evolution of an outbreak of bovine brucellosis (Brucella abortus) in the region of Extremadura (Spain) involving more than 1000 herds and nearly 40,000 animals. S19 vaccination of young cattle combined with a test and slaughter strategy did not result in a rapid decrease in herd prevalence and animal incidence; these parameters showed a constant decreasing trend only when a combination of restriction of cattle movements, increased test frequency, S19 vaccination and mass RB51 vaccination (with yearly revaccinations) were applied to all susceptible populations. These measures were applied for 5 years; abortions following RB51 vaccination of pregnant cows were limited to the first inoculation and the involvement of the vaccine strain could only be demonstrated in 78 out of 897 abortions. Our results demonstrate the usefulness - and lack of significant side effects - of RB51 mass vaccination as a complementary tool to control bovine brucellosis outbreaks in areas where the disease cannot be contained using more conservative approaches.
我们报告了西班牙埃斯特雷马杜拉（Extremadura）地区一起超过 1000 个牛群和近 40000 头动物感染牛布鲁氏菌病（Brucella abortus）的暴发疫情的演变。S19 疫苗对小牛进行免疫接种，并结合检测和扑杀策略，并没有导致牛群流行率和动物发病率的快速下降；只有当限制牛群流动、增加检测频率、对所有易感牛群进行 S19 疫苗接种和大规模 RB51 疫苗接种（每年进行加强免疫）的综合措施应用 5 年时，这些参数才显示出持续下降的趋势。对怀孕母牛进行 RB51 疫苗接种后仅发生了有限的流产，而且仅在 897 次流产中的 78 次中证实了疫苗株的参与。我们的结果表明，在采用更保守方法无法控制疾病的地区，RB51 大规模疫苗接种作为一种补充工具，用于控制牛布鲁氏菌病暴发是有用的，而且没有明显的副作用。
