Goonewardene Sanchia S, Baloch Khalid, Porter Keith, Sargeant Ian, Punchihewa Gamini
Department of Trauma, University Hospital Birmingham/George Eliot Hospital, West Midlands, United Kingdom.
Am Surg. 2010 Sep;76(9):977-81.
Road traffic collisions (RTCs) are one of the most common preventable causes of death and disability worldwide. We investigated changes in numbers of motor vehicles, case fatality rate, and crash injury rate for the most present recorded year (2002) 5 and 10 years before that in the United Kingdom (U.K.) and Sri Lanka (SL). We also investigated environmental and individual factors impacting patients at South Birmingham Trauma Unit, U.K. and Colombo General Hospital, SL. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study (both quantitative and qualitative). Over the 10-year period, numbers of motor vehicles have risen in both countries; the crash injury remained stable in both countries. Case fatality rate (far higher) in SL has decreased, as in the U.K.. Three hundred and twenty-five patients took part in the survey in SL, with 83 in the U.K. In the categories investigated, including patient demographics, RTC environment, visual impairment, pedestrian and driver factors, the majority of results were significantly different between the two countries. Target factors such as inadequate street lighting, visual impairment, speeding, and not wearing seatbelts at time of accident were identified, and recommendations developed as a result.
道路交通事故（RTCs）是全球最常见的可预防死亡和残疾原因之一。我们调查了英国（U.K.）和斯里兰卡（SL）在记录的最近一年（2002年）以及此前5年和10年机动车数量、病死率和碰撞伤害率的变化。我们还调查了影响英国南伯明翰创伤科和斯里兰卡科伦坡总医院患者的环境和个人因素。我们进行了一项描述性横断面研究（包括定量和定性研究）。在这10年期间，两国的机动车数量均有所增加；两国的碰撞伤害率保持稳定。与英国一样，斯里兰卡的病死率（高得多）有所下降。斯里兰卡有325名患者参与了调查，英国有83名。在所调查的类别中，包括患者人口统计学、道路交通事故环境、视力障碍、行人和驾驶员因素，两国之间的大多数结果存在显著差异。确定了诸如街道照明不足、视力障碍、超速和事故发生时未系安全带等目标因素，并据此提出了建议。
