Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Circ J. 2010 Oct;74(10):2029-38. doi: 10.1253/circj.cj-10-0820. Epub 2010 Sep 11.
Dietary factors might affect the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), but available studies have provided inconsistent results. A review of published observational studies and randomized trials identified 4 dietary exposures that had been investigated regarding AF risk: alcohol, fish-derived n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, caffeine, and ascorbic acid. Though studies were highly heterogeneous in their design and results, they showed a consistently increased risk of AF in heavy alcohol drinkers, but no risk associated with moderate alcohol intake. High coffee intake was not clearly associated with an increased risk of AF, and a potential U-shaped association (lower AF risk in moderate drinkers) could exist. High intake of fish-derived n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from diet or supplements might prevent AF episodes following cardiovascular events, but no consistent evidence supports an effect in primary prevention. Additional large, well-conducted randomized experiments are necessary to address the role of diet in AF prevention.
饮食因素可能会影响心房颤动（AF）的风险，但现有研究结果并不一致。对已发表的观察性研究和随机试验进行综述，确定了 4 种已针对 AF 风险进行研究的饮食因素：酒精、鱼类衍生的 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸、咖啡因和抗坏血酸。尽管这些研究在设计和结果上存在很大的异质性，但它们一致表明，大量饮酒者患 AF 的风险增加，但中度饮酒与风险无关。高咖啡摄入量与 AF 风险增加无明显关联，可能存在潜在的 U 形关联（中度饮酒者的 AF 风险较低）。从饮食或补充剂中摄入大量的鱼类衍生的 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸可能会预防心血管事件后的 AF 发作，但没有一致的证据支持其在一级预防中的作用。需要进行更多的大型、精心设计的随机试验来确定饮食在 AF 预防中的作用。
