Dėdelė Audrius, Bartkutė Žydrūnė, Chebotarova Yevheniia, Miškinytė Auksė
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Front Nutr. 2021 Mar 5;8:599567. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.599567. eCollection 2021.
A healthy and balanced diet is an important factor contributing to overall health and wellness. The aim of this study was to develop a Healthy Diet Index (HDI) score and assess its association with various chronic diseases and lifestyle risk factors. A cross-sectional survey included 1,111 adults aged 18 years and older. Information on dietary habits was collected using a questionnaire. Additional demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle risk factors data were also collected. Sixteen food groups were used to develop the HDI score for the residents of Kaunas city, Lithuania based on the national recommendations, World Health Organization (WHO) and other guidance on a healthy diet. We used logistic regression models to assess the association of the HDI score with chronic diseases, obesity and lifestyle risk factors. We found that both males and females were lacking the optimal consumption of the base components of a healthy diet-fruits and vegetables, starchy carbohydrates, and proteins. We also observed significant associations between the HDI score and several outcomes such as hypertension, arrhythmia, physical activity, and obesity. The suggested HDI score could serve as a valuable tool in assessing and improving dietary habits beneficial for promoting health and preventing many diseases.
健康均衡的饮食是促进整体健康的一个重要因素。本研究的目的是制定一个健康饮食指数（HDI）得分，并评估其与各种慢性疾病和生活方式风险因素之间的关联。一项横断面调查纳入了1111名18岁及以上的成年人。通过问卷调查收集饮食习惯信息。还收集了其他人口统计学、社会经济和生活方式风险因素数据。根据立陶宛考纳斯市居民的国家建议、世界卫生组织（WHO）以及其他关于健康饮食的指导意见，使用16个食物组来制定HDI得分。我们使用逻辑回归模型来评估HDI得分与慢性疾病、肥胖和生活方式风险因素之间的关联。我们发现，男性和女性都缺乏健康饮食基本成分——水果和蔬菜、淀粉类碳水化合物以及蛋白质的最佳摄入量。我们还观察到HDI得分与几种结果之间存在显著关联，如高血压、心律失常、身体活动和肥胖。建议的HDI得分可作为评估和改善饮食习惯的有价值工具，有助于促进健康和预防多种疾病。
