Gerstman B B, Piper J M, Freiman J P, Tomita D K, Kennedy D L, Ferguson W J, Bennett R C
Office of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 20857.
Int J Epidemiol. 1990 Dec;19(4):931-6. doi: 10.1093/ije/19.4.931.
To assess possible differences in the incidence of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism associated with oral contraceptives of varying hormonal potencies, the authors conducted a retrospective cohort study in the 15-44 year old Michigan Medicaid population. Cohorts were defined by the progestin- and oestrogen-potencies of oral contraceptives in use at the time of follow-up as classified by an oral contraceptive potency scheme. Using the low-oestrogen-/low-progestin-potency formulations for reference (rate ratio = 1), adjusted rate ratios of 0.8 (95% CI: 0.5 to 1.3, P = 0.41) and 0.6 (95% CI 0.4 to 1.2, P = 0.13) were observed for intermediate-progestin-potency and high-progestin-potency formulations, respectively. Adjusted rate ratios of 1.4 (95% CI: 0.8 to 2.3, P = 0.21) and 2.6 (95% CI: 1.2 to 5.5, P = 0.01) were observed for intermediate- and high-oestrogen-potency formulations. These data suggest a dose-response relationship between oral contraceptive oestrogen potency and venous thromboembolism, whereas no such evidence for a dose-response relationship between oral contraceptive progestin potency and venous thrombo-embolism was found.
为评估不同激素效力的口服避孕药与静脉血栓形成和肺栓塞发生率之间可能存在的差异,作者在15 - 44岁的密歇根医疗补助人群中开展了一项回顾性队列研究。队列根据随访时所使用口服避孕药的孕激素和雌激素效力来定义,该效力由一种口服避孕药效力方案进行分类。以低雌激素/低孕激素效力配方作为参照(率比 = 1),观察到中孕激素效力和高孕激素效力配方的调整率比分别为0.8(95%置信区间:0.5至1.3,P = 0.41)和0.6(95%置信区间0.4至1.2,P = 0.13)。中雌激素效力和高雌激素效力配方的调整率比分别为1.4(95%置信区间:0.8至2.3,P = 0.21)和2.6(95%置信区间:1.2至5.5,P = 0.01)。这些数据表明口服避孕药雌激素效力与静脉血栓栓塞之间存在剂量反应关系,而未发现口服避孕药孕激素效力与静脉血栓栓塞之间存在此类剂量反应关系的证据。