Regea-Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2011 Jun;7(2):269-91. doi: 10.1007/s12015-010-9193-7.
Adipose stem cells (ASCs) are an attractive and abundant stem cell source with therapeutic applicability in diverse fields for the repair and regeneration of acute and chronically damaged tissues. Importantly, unlike the human bone marrow stromal/stem stem cells (BMSCs) that are present at low frequency in the bone marrow, ASCs can be retrieved in high number from either liposuction aspirates or subcutaneous adipose tissue fragments and can easily be expanded in vitro. ASCs display properties similar to that observed in BMSCs and, upon induction, undergo at least osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic and neurogenic, differentiation in vitro. Furthermore, ASCs have been shown to be immunoprivileged, prevent severe graft-versus-host disease in vitro and in vivo and to be genetically stable in long-term culture. They have also proven applicability in other functions, such as providing hematopoietic support and gene transfer. Due to these characteristics, ASCs have rapidly advanced into clinical trials for treatment of a broad range of conditions. As cell therapies are becoming more frequent, clinical laboratories following good manufacturing practices are needed. At the same time as laboratory processes become more extensive, the need for control in the processing laboratory grows consequently involving a greater risk of complications and possibly adverse events for the recipient. Therefore, the safety, reproducibility and quality of the stem cells must thoroughly be examined prior to extensive use in clinical applications. In this review, some of the aspects of examination on ASCs in vitro and the utilization of ASCs in clinical studies are discussed.
脂肪干细胞（ASCs）是一种有吸引力的、丰富的干细胞来源，在多种领域具有治疗应用潜能，可用于修复和再生急性和慢性受损组织。重要的是，与存在于骨髓中频率较低的人骨髓基质/干干细胞（BMSCs）不同，ASCs 可以从吸脂术抽吸物或皮下脂肪组织碎片中大量获取，并且可以很容易地在体外扩增。ASCs 表现出与 BMSCs 相似的特性，并且在诱导后，至少可以在体外进行成骨、软骨、脂肪和神经分化。此外，已经证明 ASCs 具有免疫特权，可以预防体外和体内严重的移植物抗宿主病，并且在长期培养中具有遗传稳定性。它们还在其他功能中得到了证明，例如提供造血支持和基因转移。由于这些特性，ASCs 已迅速进入治疗广泛疾病的临床试验。随着细胞疗法的日益普及，需要遵循良好生产规范的临床实验室。随着实验室流程变得更加广泛，处理实验室的控制需求也相应增加，这涉及到受体并发症和可能的不良事件的风险增加。因此，在广泛应用于临床应用之前，必须对干细胞的安全性、可重复性和质量进行彻底检查。在这篇综述中，讨论了 ASCs 在体外的一些检查方面以及 ASCs 在临床研究中的应用。
