Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Ruminant Medicine and Epidemiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7054, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
J Dairy Sci. 2010 Oct;93(10):4691-9. doi: 10.3168/jds.2010-3295.
An observational study was carried out in Swedish dairy herds to investigate differences between cows with and without displaced abomasum (DA), in concentrations of glucose, insulin, fructosamine, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate, cholesterol, haptoglobin, increased enzyme activity of aspartate aminotransferase and glutamate dehydrogenase, and the revised Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (RQUICKI). A secondary aim was to study how blood profiles for DA cows vary with time in relation to calving. Sixty-nine DA cows within 2 to 56 d postpartum, in 60 herds, were clinically examined and blood samples were drawn at the time DA was diagnosed. At the same time, 104 healthy control cows matched by herd and stage of lactation were also sampled. The blood parameters were studied using mixed linear models, including herd as a random effect, and DA (case or control), parity, breed, sampling time in relation to calving, other diseases, and the interaction between DA and time as fixed effects. Concentrations were higher in DA cows than in control cows for NEFA (least squares means 1.36 vs. 0.34 mmol/L), β-hydroxybutyrate (1.56 vs. 0.90 mmol/L), aspartate aminotransferase (1.96 vs. 0.97 μkat/L), glutamate dehydrogenase (197 vs. 78 μkat/L), and haptoglobin (0.76 vs. 0.17 g/L), whereas concentrations were lower in DA cows than in control cows for insulin (3.61 vs. 8.48 mU/L) and cholesterol (3.04 vs. 3.75 mmol/L). Glucose (2.83 vs. 2.79 mmol/L) and fructosamine (266 vs. 252 μmol/L) concentrations were similar in both groups; however, a tendency toward lower RQUICKI values (0.42 vs. 0.46) in the DA cows was found, indicating reduced insulin sensitivity. For most blood parameters, differences between DA cows and controls remained constant over time. Seventy-two percent of the DA cows had at least one other disease in the period from 1 wk antepartum to 1 wk after the DA was diagnosed. Haptoglobin could potentially be used to detect treatable infectious or inflammatory conditions in the early postpartum period, possibly reducing the incidence of DA. Consequently, there were major changes in blood profiles in cows with DA compared with healthy control cows, indicating a negative energy balance, liver cell damage, and an inflammatory response. The results contribute to an understanding of the metabolic changes in DA cows.
一项在瑞典奶牛场进行的观察性研究旨在调查患有和不患有皱胃移位（DA）的奶牛之间的差异，包括血糖、胰岛素、果糖胺、非酯化脂肪酸（NEFA）、β-羟丁酸、胆固醇、触珠蛋白、天冬氨酸转氨酶和谷氨酸脱氢酶活性升高，以及改良的定量胰岛素敏感性检查指数（RQUICKI）。次要目的是研究与产犊相关的 DA 奶牛的血液特征随时间的变化。69 头产后 2-56 天的 DA 奶牛在 60 个牛群中进行了临床检查，并在诊断出 DA 时抽取了血液样本。同时，还对 104 头按牛群和泌乳阶段匹配的健康对照奶牛进行了采样。使用混合线性模型研究了血液参数，包括牛群作为随机效应，以及 DA（病例或对照）、胎次、品种、与产犊相关的采样时间、其他疾病以及 DA 和时间之间的相互作用作为固定效应。与对照组奶牛相比，DA 奶牛的 NEFA（最小二乘均值 1.36 对 0.34mmol/L）、β-羟丁酸（1.56 对 0.90mmol/L）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（1.96 对 0.97μkat/L）、谷氨酸脱氢酶（197 对 78μkat/L）和触珠蛋白（0.76 对 0.17g/L）浓度更高，而胰岛素（3.61 对 8.48mU/L）和胆固醇（3.04 对 3.75mmol/L）浓度则更低。两组间葡萄糖（2.83 对 2.79mmol/L）和果糖胺（266 对 252μmol/L）浓度相似；然而，发现 DA 奶牛的 RQUICKI 值（0.42 对 0.46）呈下降趋势，表明胰岛素敏感性降低。对于大多数血液参数，DA 奶牛和对照组奶牛之间的差异在整个时间内保持不变。在从产前 1 周到 DA 诊断后 1 周的时间段内，72%的 DA 奶牛至少有一种其他疾病。触珠蛋白可能可用于检测产后早期可治疗的传染性或炎症性疾病，从而降低 DA 的发病率。因此，与健康对照组奶牛相比，患有 DA 的奶牛的血液特征发生了重大变化，表明存在负能平衡、肝细胞损伤和炎症反应。研究结果有助于了解 DA 奶牛的代谢变化。
