Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
J Thorac Oncol. 2010 Oct;5(10 Suppl 4):S336-43. doi: 10.1097/JTO.0b013e3181f20ea2.
Radiation therapy often plays a critical role in the treatment of thymic malignancies. However, because of the location of these tumors, historically patients have been at a significant risk for radiation-related toxicity such as pericardial effusions, radiation pneumonitis, long-term pulmonary fibrosis, and occasional long-term esophageal stricture, particularly for unresectable thymoma. Recent advancements in technology have provided the treating radiation oncologist with the ability to more accurately target the region at risk while sparing normal structures. In this review, we provide an overview of key advances in radiation techniques for thymoma over the past two decades. These techniques include 3D conformal therapy, intensity-modulated radiation therapy, 4D treatment planning, adaptive radiation therapy, and proton therapy. Each advancement has brought with it unique advantages in maintaining long-term disease control while improving quality of life in this manageable disease.
放射治疗在胸腺癌的治疗中常常起着至关重要的作用。然而，由于这些肿瘤的位置，历史上患者面临着与放射治疗相关的毒性的显著风险，如心包积液、放射性肺炎、长期肺纤维化和偶尔的长期食管狭窄，尤其是对于不可切除的胸腺瘤。最近技术的进步为治疗放射肿瘤学家提供了更精确地瞄准风险区域的能力，同时保护了正常结构。在这篇综述中，我们概述了过去二十年来胸腺癌放射治疗技术的关键进展。这些技术包括 3D 适形治疗、强度调制放射治疗、4D 治疗计划、自适应放射治疗和质子治疗。每一项进展都在保持长期疾病控制的同时，为这种可管理的疾病提高了生活质量，带来了独特的优势。
