Prommer Eric
Department of Hematology/Oncology/Palliative Care, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
J Opioid Manag. 2010 Jul-Aug;6(4):295-9. doi: 10.5055/jom.2010.0027.
Hydrocodone is an epoxy-methoxy-methylmorphinan semisynthetic opioid (6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-6-oxomorphine hydrogen tartrate hemipentahydrate), which is structurally related to codeine, and is classified as a step 2 opioid on the World Health Organization's stepladder for pain. Hydrocodone is typically found in fixed dose combination with acetaminophen and is often used for pain management. Hydrocodone is a heavily prescribed drug and it is important to understand the evidence base that is guiding this use. This article reviews the pharmacodynamics, pharmacology, and evidence base for the use of hydrocodone in palliative care.
氢可酮是一种环氧甲氧基甲基吗啡喃半合成阿片类药物（6-脱氧-3-O-甲基-6-氧代吗啡氢酒石酸半五水合物），其在结构上与可待因相关，在世界卫生组织疼痛阶梯分类中属于第2级阿片类药物。氢可酮通常以与对乙酰氨基酚的固定剂量组合形式存在，常用于疼痛管理。氢可酮是一种大量开具处方的药物，了解指导其使用的证据基础很重要。本文综述了氢可酮在姑息治疗中使用的药效学、药理学及证据基础。
