Laboratory of Orofacial Pain, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Av. Limeira 901, CEP 13414-900, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Inflammation. 2011 Oct;34(5):487-98. doi: 10.1007/s10753-010-9256-6.
Temporomandibular joint pain-related conditions are generally characterized by local inflammation; however, little studies have focused on the role of gonadal hormones in the expression of inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines. Therefore, we asked whether gonadal steroid hormones affect formalin-induced cytokines expression in the rat temporomcandibular joint. The expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC)-1 was significantly higher in males than in diestrus and proestrus females and was decreased by orchiectomy and restored by testosterone replacement. The expression of IL-6 was significantly higher in diestrus and proestrus females than in males, and was decreased by ovariectomy and restored by estradiol or progesterone administration. We conclude that testosterone increases the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and CINC-1, and estradiol and progesterone increase the expression of IL-6. New clinical approaches based on inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators are starting to supplant traditional immunosuppressive therapies and gonadal hormones may influence their effectiveness or clinical dosage.
颞下颌关节疼痛相关病症的特征通常为局部炎症；然而，很少有研究关注性腺激素在细胞因子等炎症介质表达中的作用。因此，我们想知道性腺类固醇激素是否会影响大鼠颞下颌关节中福尔马林诱导的细胞因子表达。雄性大鼠肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素（IL）-1β和细胞因子诱导的中性粒细胞趋化因子（CINC）-1 的表达明显高于发情间期和发情前期雌性大鼠，去势会降低其表达，而睾酮替代治疗则会恢复其表达。IL-6 的表达在发情间期和发情前期雌性大鼠中明显高于雄性大鼠，卵巢切除会降低其表达，而雌二醇或孕酮给药则会恢复其表达。综上，我们得出结论，睾酮会增加 TNF-α、IL-1β 和 CINC-1 的表达，而雌二醇和孕酮会增加 IL-6 的表达。基于抑制促炎介质的新临床方法开始取代传统的免疫抑制疗法，而性腺激素可能会影响其疗效或临床剂量。
