Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 1-847 Amanumacho, Ohmiya-ku, Saitama 330-8503, Japan.
Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2010 Sep;40 Suppl 1:i44-50. doi: 10.1093/jjco/hyq126.
Disease burden of cervical cancer in Asia was summarized. Human papillomavirus 16 is the most oncogenic human papillomavirus type. Korea's national cervical cancer screening program targets women aged 30 or over, with coverage of almost 80%. Japan has a long history (50 years) of cervical cancer screening, and cytological screening programs have reduced the incidence/mortality of cervical cancer by 70%. But, recent cervical cancer screening coverage is ∼24%. Modeling suggested that vaccination of all 12-year-old girls would reduce cervical cancer cases by 73% in Japan. India has no cervical cancer screening program, as well as a serious lack of awareness in the general population, medical professionals and policy-makers. A realistic, affordable approach would be a low-volume, once-in-a-lifetime human papillomavirus-based screening program. In Australia, the national cervical cancer program has been very successful in reducing the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer. Australia was the first country to implement free, national human papillomavirus immunization (April 2007), expected to reduce human papillomavirus 16 infections by 56% in 2010 and 92% in 2050. A comparison of the UK and Japan was demonstrated that in the UK, cervical cancer screening and human papillomavirus vaccination uptakes are high because the government provides adequate education/funding. The Japanese government needs to put more emphasis on women's health and preventative medicine. Our conclusion and recommendations are that heightened public awareness of cervical cancer prevention, focusing on screening and vaccination will lead to improved survival and a better quality of life.
亚洲地区宫颈癌的疾病负担情况得到了总结。人乳头瘤病毒 16 是最具致癌性的人乳头瘤病毒类型。韩国的国家宫颈癌筛查计划针对年龄在 30 岁及以上的女性，覆盖率接近 80%。日本有长达 50 年的宫颈癌筛查历史，细胞学筛查计划使宫颈癌的发病率/死亡率降低了 70%。但是，最近宫颈癌筛查的覆盖率约为 24%。建模表明，对所有 12 岁女孩进行疫苗接种将使日本的宫颈癌病例减少 73%。印度没有宫颈癌筛查计划，普通民众、医疗专业人员和政策制定者对宫颈癌的认识也严重不足。一种现实、经济的方法是采用低容量、一次性的人乳头瘤病毒筛查计划。在澳大利亚，国家宫颈癌计划在降低宫颈癌的发病率和死亡率方面非常成功。澳大利亚是第一个实施免费、全国性人乳头瘤病毒免疫接种的国家（2007 年 4 月），预计到 2010 年和 2050 年将减少 56%和 92%的人乳头瘤病毒 16 感染。对英国和日本的比较表明，在英国，由于政府提供了充足的教育/资金，宫颈癌筛查和人乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种的覆盖率很高。日本政府需要更加重视妇女健康和预防医学。我们的结论和建议是，提高公众对宫颈癌预防的认识，重点关注筛查和疫苗接种，将提高生存率和生活质量。
