Building and Road Research Institute, Kumasi, Ghana.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2010 Oct;11(5):522-5. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2010.489198.
To estimate the prevalence of helmet use among riders and pillion riders of motorcycles in the Tamale Metropolis of Ghana.
Cross-sectional observations of helmet use were made at locations where traffic generally slowed down. Statistical analysis was carried out for variables by calculating chi-square (χ(2)) tests to assess statistical significance.
A total of 3115 riders and 1058 pillion riders (passengers) were observed at 10 different sites. The overall helmet use for riders was 34.2 percent and that for pillion riders was 1.9 percent. Riders' helmet use rate was highest among the elderly (49.6%), followed by adults (34.3%) and lowest for young people (21.9%) and the observed percentage differences were significant (χ(2)((2))= 67.1; p < .001). A marked difference (χ(2)((1))= 6.7; p = .0096) in helmet use was observed between riders riding within the central business district (CBD; 36.5%) and those outside the CBD (32.1%). Riders with at least one pillion rider (27.4%) were less likely to wear a helmet compared to riders riding alone without passengers (37.3%; χ(2)((1))= 29.347; p < .001).
Helmet use by motorcyclists in Ghana is generally low. There is a need for public awareness campaigns on the safety benefits of helmets to increase its prevalence in Ghana. The education on helmet use must be accompanied by sustained enforcement of the road traffic law by the traffic police to ensure compliance and change in attitudes.
估计加纳塔马利都会区摩托车骑手和后座乘客戴头盔的比例。
在交通通常减速的地点进行头盔使用的横断面观察。通过计算卡方（χ(2)）检验来评估统计学意义，对变量进行统计分析。
在 10 个不同地点共观察到 3115 名骑手和 1058 名后座乘客（乘客）。骑手的头盔总体使用率为 34.2%，后座乘客的头盔使用率为 1.9%。骑手的头盔使用率在老年人中最高（49.6%），其次是成年人（34.3%），年轻人最低（21.9%），观察到的百分比差异具有统计学意义（χ(2)((2))=67.1；p<.001）。在市中心商业区（CBD；36.5%）和 CBD 以外地区（32.1%）骑行的骑手之间，头盔使用率存在显著差异（χ(2)((1))=6.7；p=.0096）。载有至少一名后座乘客的骑手（27.4%）戴头盔的可能性低于没有乘客的单独骑手（37.3%；χ(2)((1))=29.347；p<.001）。
加纳摩托车骑手戴头盔的比例普遍较低。需要开展公众宣传活动，提高头盔的安全效益，以增加其在加纳的普及率。对头盔使用的教育必须伴随着交通警察对道路交通法规的持续执行，以确保遵守和改变态度。
