Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Oct 5;107(40):17087-94. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1011782107. Epub 2010 Sep 27.
In the retina, several parallel channels originate that extract different attributes from the visual scene. This review describes how these channels arise and what their functions are. Following the introduction four sections deal with these channels. The first discusses the "ON" and "OFF" channels that have arisen for the purpose of rapidly processing images in the visual scene that become visible by virtue of either light increment or light decrement; the ON channel processes images that become visible by virtue of light increment and the OFF channel processes images that become visible by virtue of light decrement. The second section examines the midget and parasol channels. The midget channel processes fine detail, wavelength information, and stereoscopic depth cues; the parasol channel plays a central role in processing motion and flicker as well as motion parallax cues for depth perception. Both these channels have ON and OFF subdivisions. The third section describes the accessory optic system that receives input from the retinal ganglion cells of Dogiel; these cells play a central role, in concert with the vestibular system, in stabilizing images on the retina to prevent the blurring of images that would otherwise occur when an organism is in motion. The last section provides a brief overview of several additional channels that originate in the retina.
在视网膜中，有几个平行的通道从视觉场景中提取不同的属性。这篇综述描述了这些通道是如何产生的以及它们的功能是什么。引言之后有四个部分讨论了这些通道。第一节讨论了“ON”和“OFF”通道，它们是为了快速处理视觉场景中由于光的增加或减少而变得可见的图像而产生的；ON 通道处理由于光的增加而变得可见的图像，而 OFF 通道处理由于光的减少而变得可见的图像。第二节研究了小型和遮阳伞通道。小型通道处理精细细节、波长信息和立体深度线索；遮阳伞通道在处理运动和闪烁以及运动视差线索以进行深度感知方面起着核心作用。这两个通道都有 ON 和 OFF 细分。第三节描述了辅助光系统，它接收来自多吉氏视网膜神经节细胞的输入；这些细胞与前庭系统一起，在稳定视网膜上的图像方面发挥着核心作用，以防止当生物体运动时图像模糊。最后一节简要概述了起源于视网膜的几个其他通道。
