Department of Materials & Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, SW7 2AZ London, UK.
Small. 2010 Nov 5;6(21):2336-57. doi: 10.1002/smll.201000523.
Cancer accounted for 13% of all deaths worldwide in 2005. Although early detection is critical for the successful treatment of many cancers, there are sensitivity limitations associated with current detection methodologies. Furthermore, many traditional anticancer drug treatments exhibit limited efficacy and cause high morbidity. The unique physical properties of nanoscale materials can be utilized to produce novel and effective sensors for cancer diagnosis, agents for tumor imaging, and therapeutics for cancer treatment. Functionalizing inorganic nanoparticles with biocompatible polymers and natural or rationally designed biomolecules offers a route towards engineering responsive and multifunctional composite systems. Although only a few such innovations have reached human clinical trial to date, nanocomposite materials based on functionalized metal and semiconductor nanoparticles promise to transform the way cancer is diagnosed and treated. This review summarizes the current state-of-the-art in the development of inorganic nanocomposites for cancer-related applications.
2005 年，癌症占全球所有死亡人数的 13%。尽管早期检测对许多癌症的成功治疗至关重要，但目前的检测方法存在敏感性限制。此外，许多传统的抗癌药物治疗方法疗效有限，且会引起高发病率。纳米级材料的独特物理特性可用于开发新型有效的癌症诊断传感器、肿瘤成像试剂以及癌症治疗疗法。用生物相容性聚合物和天然或合理设计的生物分子对无机纳米粒子进行功能化处理，为工程化响应性和多功能复合系统提供了一条途径。尽管迄今为止只有少数此类创新产品进入人体临床试验，但基于功能化金属和半导体纳米粒子的纳米复合材料有望改变癌症的诊断和治疗方式。本综述总结了目前用于癌症相关应用的无机纳米复合材料的最新发展状况。
