Sydney Law School, University of Sydney, Australia.
J Law Med Ethics. 2010 Fall;38(3):490-507. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-720X.2010.00508.x.
This paper considers how we can conceptualize a "global response" to chronic, non-communicable diseases (NCDs)--including cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and tobacco-related diseases. These diseases are the leading cause of death and disability in developed countries, and also in developing countries outside sub-Saharan Africa. The paper reviews emerging and proposed initiatives for global NCD governance, explains why NCDs merit a global response, and the ways in which global initiatives ultimately benefit national health outcomes. As the global response to NCDs matures, and the number of initiatives and partnerships increases, it will become increasingly important to map their respective contributions, and to evaluate progress overall. It is not yet clear what institutional mechanism, if any, will rise above the sea of surrounding initiatives to play this global role. This paper therefore aims to provide a conceptual map for making sense of what individual initiatives contribute to global governance. This map also draws attention to the distinctively "global" public health functions that a global response to NCDs should seek to discharge.
本文考虑了如何将“全球应对”概念化，以应对慢性非传染性疾病（NCDs），包括心血管疾病、癌症、糖尿病和与烟草有关的疾病。这些疾病是发达国家以及撒哈拉以南非洲以外的发展中国家的主要死亡和残疾原因。本文回顾了新兴和拟议的全球 NCD 治理倡议，解释了为什么 NCD 需要全球应对，以及全球倡议最终如何有益于国家卫生成果。随着全球对 NCD 的应对措施不断成熟，以及倡议和伙伴关系的数量不断增加，越来越有必要了解它们各自的贡献，并评估整体进展情况。目前尚不清楚是否有任何机构机制能够超越众多倡议，发挥这一全球作用。因此，本文旨在为理解个别倡议对全球治理的贡献提供一个概念图。该图还提请注意全球应对 NCD 应寻求履行的独特的“全球”公共卫生职能。
