1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O.Box: 14115-336, Tehran, Iran.
J Insect Sci. 2010;10:134. doi: 10.1673/031.010.13401.
The hawthorn red midget moth, Phyllonorycter corylifoliella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), is one of the most serious pests of apple and pear orchards in Iran, however little is known about its biology and relationship with environmental factors. The reproduction and population growth parameters of P. corylifoliella were examined at six constant temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30, 33 and 35° C) on apple var. golden delicious. At 35° C, P. corylifoliella failed to develop beyond the first instar. The lowest (13%) and highest (64%) mortality rates of immature stages occurred at 25 and 33° C, respectively. The life expectancies (ex) decreased with increasing of age and the life expectancies of one-day-old larvae were estimated to be 38.68, 33.34, 35.11, 26.28 and 16.11 days at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 33° C, respectively. The highest intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm), net reproductive rate (Ro) and finite rate of increase (lambda) at 25° C were 0.100 ± 0.003, 47.66 ± 5.47 and 1.11 ± 0.00, respectively. The mean generation time (T) decreased with increasing temperatures from 86.86 ± 0.53 days at 15° C to 33.48 ± 0.16 days at 30° C. Doubling time (DT) varied significantly with temperature and the shortest doubling time was obtained at 25° C. The results of this study provide direction for future research on evaluating the performance of P. corylifoliella and the efficiency of its natural enemies in apple orchards under variable environmental conditions.
山楂红潜蛾，Phyllonorycter corylifoliella (Hübner)（鳞翅目：麦蛾科），是伊朗苹果和梨园中最严重的害虫之一，但对其生物学特性及其与环境因素的关系知之甚少。在六个恒温（15、20、25、30、33 和 35°C）下，研究了 P. corylifoliella 在金冠苹果上的繁殖和种群增长参数。在 35°C，P. corylifoliella 无法发育到第一龄期。在 25 和 33°C 时，未成熟阶段的死亡率最低（13%）和最高（64%）。预期寿命（ex）随年龄的增加而降低，一天龄幼虫的预期寿命在 15、20、25、30 和 33°C 下分别估计为 38.68、33.34、35.11、26.28 和 16.11 天。在 25°C 时，最高的内禀增长率（rm）、净生殖率（Ro）和有限增长率（lambda）分别为 0.100 ± 0.003、47.66 ± 5.47 和 1.11 ± 0.00。平均世代时间（T）随温度的升高而降低，从 15°C 的 86.86 ± 0.53 天降低到 30°C 的 33.48 ± 0.16 天。倍增时间（DT）随温度显著变化，在 25°C 时获得最短的倍增时间。本研究结果为未来在不同环境条件下评估 P. corylifoliella 的性能及其天敌的效率提供了方向。
