Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie (I.E.C.B.), Université de Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U869, Pessac, France.
Cell Cycle. 2010 Sep 15;9(18):3687-99. doi: 10.4161/cc.9.18.13203. Epub 2010 Sep 1.
RNA polymerase III transcribes small untranslated RNAs that fulfill essential cellular functions in regulating transcription, RNA processing, translation and protein translocation. RNA polymerase III transcription activity is tightly regulated during the cell cycle and coupled to growth control mechanisms. Furthermore, there are reports of changes in RNA polymerase III transcription activity during cellular differentiation, including the discovery of a novel isoform of human RNA polymerase III that has been shown to be specifically expressed in undifferentiated human H1 embryonic stem cells. Here, we review major regulatory mechanisms of RNA polymerase III transcription during the cell cycle, cell growth and cell differentiation.
RNA 聚合酶 III 转录小非翻译 RNA，这些 RNA 在调节转录、RNA 加工、翻译和蛋白质易位等方面发挥着重要的细胞功能。在细胞周期中，RNA 聚合酶 III 的转录活性受到严格调控，并与生长控制机制相偶联。此外，有报道称 RNA 聚合酶 III 的转录活性在细胞分化过程中发生变化，包括发现一种新型的人类 RNA 聚合酶 III 同工型，该同工型已被证明在未分化的人类 H1 胚胎干细胞中特异性表达。在这里，我们综述了细胞周期、细胞生长和细胞分化过程中 RNA 聚合酶 III 转录的主要调控机制。
