Kynette D, Kemper S, Norman S, Cheung H T
University of Kansas, Lawrence 66045.
Exp Aging Res. 1990 Autumn;16(3):117-21. doi: 10.1080/07340669008251538.
This experiment investigated age group differences in working memory by examining the effects of word length on adults' recall span and repetition rate. College students and adults, 60 to 94 years of age, recalled lists of one-, two-, or three-syllable words and repeated aloud pairs of one-, two- or three-syllable words. Word recall spans and word repetition rates were computed. Main effects of age group and word length were obtained on both measures, although the interactions were not significant. A second analysis examined the relationship between individuals' recall span and their repetition rate. Across all age groups combined, recall span was a linear function of repetition rate and accounted for 25 percent of the variance on the recall task. A reanalysis of the word repetitions revealed that older adults' word durations and inter-word pauses are longer than young adults'.
本实验通过研究单词长度对成年人回忆广度和重复率的影响，调查了工作记忆方面的年龄组差异。大学生和60至94岁的成年人回忆单音节、双音节或三音节单词列表，并大声重复单音节、双音节或三音节单词对。计算单词回忆广度和单词重复率。在这两项测量中均获得了年龄组和单词长度的主效应，尽管交互作用不显著。第二项分析考察了个体回忆广度与其重复率之间的关系。在所有年龄组合并分析中，回忆广度是重复率的线性函数，占回忆任务方差的25%。对单词重复的重新分析表明，老年人的单词持续时间和单词间停顿比年轻人更长。
