Mimran A
Hôpital Lapeyronie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Montepellier.
Nephrologie. 1990;11(5):275-80.
Aging is associated with structural changes and modifications in renal function occurring as a consequence of a decrease in the number of functioning nephrons. Glomerular filtration decreases with age at a rate of 0.8 ml/min/year, starting at the fourth decade of life. In addition, renal adaptation to dietary sodium restriction as well as sodium loading are impaired during the aging process. Changes in renal tubular function include the regulation of potassium excretion resulting in a relatively high incidence of hyperkalemia, spontaneously or facilitated by treatments known to produce potassium retention. Practical consequences of renal aging, specially adaptation of doses of medications with preferential renal elimination, are analyzed.
衰老与肾功能的结构变化和改变有关，这些变化是由于有功能的肾单位数量减少所致。肾小球滤过率从生命的第四个十年开始，随年龄增长以每年0.8毫升/分钟的速度下降。此外，在衰老过程中，肾脏对饮食中钠限制以及钠负荷的适应能力受损。肾小管功能的变化包括钾排泄的调节，导致高钾血症的发生率相对较高，这种情况可自发出现，或因已知会导致钾潴留的治疗而加重。本文分析了肾脏衰老的实际影响，特别是对主要经肾脏排泄的药物剂量调整的影响。
