决策神经科学面临的十大挑战。
Ten challenges for decision neuroscience.
作者信息
Huettel Scott A
机构信息
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University Durham, NC, USA.
出版信息
Front Neurosci. 2010 Sep 21;4. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2010.00171. eCollection 2010.
Decision neuroscience research, as currently practiced, employs the methods of neuroscience to investigate concepts drawn from the social sciences. A typical study selects one or more variables from psychological or economic models, manipulates or measures choices within a simplified choice task, and then identifies neural correlates. Using this "neuroeconomic" approach, researchers have described brain systems whose functioning shapes key economic variables, most notably aspects of subjective value. Yet, the standard approach has fundamental limitations. Important aspects of the mechanisms of decision making - from the sources of variability in decision making to the very computations supported by decision-related regions - remain incompletely understood. Here, I outline 10 outstanding challenges for future research in decision neuroscience. While some will be readily addressed using current methods, others will require new conceptual frameworks. Accordingly, a new strain of decision neuroscience will marry methods from economics and cognitive science to concepts from neurobiology and cognitive neuroscience.
当前所开展的决策神经科学研究运用神经科学方法来探究源自社会科学的概念。一项典型的研究从心理学或经济学模型中选取一个或多个变量，在一个简化的选择任务中操纵或测量选择，然后识别神经关联。运用这种“神经经济学”方法，研究人员已经描述了其功能塑造关键经济变量的大脑系统，最显著的是主观价值的各个方面。然而，标准方法存在根本局限性。决策机制的重要方面——从决策中的变异性来源到与决策相关区域所支持的具体计算——仍未被完全理解。在此，我概述了决策神经科学未来研究的10项突出挑战。虽然其中一些可以用当前方法轻松解决，但其他一些则需要新的概念框架。因此，一种新的决策神经科学将把经济学和认知科学的方法与神经生物学和认知神经科学的概念结合起来。
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